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A) The world burns approximately 3.1Ã1012 kg of fossil fuel per year. Use the combustion of octane as the representative reaction and determine the mass of carbon dioxide (the most significant greenhouse gas) formed per year.

Express your answer to two significant figures and include the appropriate units.

B) The current concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is approximately 392 ppm (by volume). By what percentage does the concentration increase each year due to fossil fuel combustion? Approximate the average properties of the entire atmosphere by assuming that the atmosphere extends from sea level to 15 km and that it has an average pressure of 381 torr and average temperature of 275 K. Assume Earth is a perfect sphere with a radius of 6371 km.

Express your answer to two significant figures and include the appropriate units.

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Beverley SmithLv2

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Related questions

The world burns approximately 9.0x10^2 kg of fossil fuel per year. Use the combustion of octane as the representative reaction and determine the mass of carbon dioxide(the most significant greenhouse gas) formed per year by this combustion. The current concentration of carbon dioxide in theatmosphere is approximately 387 ppm (by volume). By what percentage does the concentration increase in one year due to fossil fuel combustion? Approximate the average properties of the entire atmosphere by assuming that the atmosphere extends from sea level to 15 km and that it has an average pressure of 381 torr and average temperature of 275 K. Assume Earth is a perfect sphere with a radius of 6371 km .

bronzeplatypus628

How do i solve this question?

7.
Calculate the percentage, by mass, of fluorine in sulfurhexafluoride (SF6), a potent greenhouse gas.
A) 78.0%
B) 59.2%
C) 22.0%
D) 82.1%
E) 85.7%

8.
Octane (C8H18) is one of the principal components of gasoline. Howmany moles of CO2 are produced during the combustion of 3.0 mol ofoctane?
Unbalanced equation: C8H18 + O2 --> CO2 + H2O
A) 3.0
B) 26
C) 24
D) 8.0
E) 4

9.
How many atoms are present in 0.375 mol of palladium (Pd)atoms?
A) 6.23 x 1021
B) 2.26 x 1023
C) 6.02 x 1023
D) 1.61 x 1024
E) 2.12 x 1021

10.
How many molecules are present in 1.0 kg of hydrogen (H2)gas?
A) 6.0 x 1023
B) 3.0 x 1026
C) 6.0 x 1026
D) 3.0 x 1023
E) 1.7 x 1025

11.
What evidence indicates that the rising atmospheric CO2 levels arecaused by the combustion of fossil fuels?
A) Both the average global temperature and the atmospheric CO2level have risen.
B) The 14C/12C ratio in atmospheric CO2 is unusually low.
C) Increased precipitation in most of the NorthernHemisphere.
D) The 18O/16O ratio in atmospheric CO2 is the same as inatmospheric oxygen.
E) The level of atmospheric moisture has increased.

12.
Heat is a form of
A) Energy
B) Pressure
C) Work
D) Volume
E) Temperature

13.
Oxygenated gasolines
A) Are gasolines that have oxygen gas bubbled through them
B) Contain nitrogen containing compounds
C) Are formulated to contain water
D) Have higher activation energies for combustion than regulargasolines.
E) May contain MTBE or ethanol

14.
A chemical reaction accompanied by a release of energy is calleda/an ______ reaction.
A) exothermic
B) fast
C) activated
D) catalyzed
E) endothermic

15.
The diagram below shows a simplified version of a fractionatingcolumn used in the petroleum industry.

The compounds with the lowest boiling points are condensed atposition

A) C.
B) D.
C) B.
D) A.

16.
Where is most of the carbon on earth stored?
A) in the form of fossil fuels
B) in the deep ocean
C) in the atmosphere
D) in surface water
E) in the forests and soil

17.
Find the molar mass of ethanol, C2H6O.
A) 22.1 g/mol
B) 26.0 g/mol
C) 46.07 g/mol
D) 45.06 g/mol
E) 29.02 g/mol

18.
Determine the shape or geometry of PH3. (Hint: Use the PeriodicTable to arrive at the electron configuration forphosphorous.)
A) trigonal planar
B) linear
C) trigonal pyramidal
D) bent
E) tetrahedral

19.
The energy stored in the chemical bonds of fossil fuels is a formof ______ energy.
A) nuclear
B) potential
C) mechanical
D) kinetic
E) electrical

20.
The heat of combustion of methane, CH4, is 50.1 kJ/g. How much heatwould be generated if 1.00 mol of methane undergoes completecombustion?
A) 50.1 kJ
B) 804 kJ
C) 601 kJ
D) 0.32 kJ
E) 3.12 kJ

21.
Methane is approximately 23 times more powerful than carbon dioxideas a greenhouse gas. Which are significant sources of methaneemissions?
I. The digestive systems of ruminants (cows, sheep, etc.)
II. Automobile exhaust
III. Rice cultivation
IV. Decaying wetland vegetation
A) I and II only
B) I only
C) All of these
D) II only
E) I, III, and IV only

22.
Which atmospheric component does not contribute to globalwarming?
A) CH4
B) CO2
C) CFC
D) N2
E) H2O

23.
What is the effect of infrared energy on matter?
A) It breaks chemical bonds.
B) It excites bonding electrons.
C) It increases molecular rotation.
D) It increases the vibration of chemical bonds.
E) It excites non-bonding electrons.

24.
According to current estimates, the fuel in greatest abundance onearth is
A) natural gas.
B) hydrogen
C) uranium.
D) coal.
E) petroleum.

25.
A gasoline's octane rating is a measure of the
A) purity of the gasoline.
B) energy content of the gasoline.
C) percent of gasoline that contains octane
D) pollutants produced by burning the gasoline in a vehicle'sengine.
E) gasoline's resistance to causing knocking in a vehicle'sengine.

26.
Advertising claims sometimes state that adding something mechanicalto a car's engine will allow it to recover 100% of the energy thatcomes from burning gasoline. You should be skeptical of such claimsbecause they are not consistent with the
A) first law of thermodynamics.
B) energy difference between reactants and products
C) second law of thermodynamics.
D) law of conservation of matter.
E) activation energy requirements of all chemical reactions.

27.
In order to make useful predictions, which factors must beaccounted for by climatic models?
I. Cooling effect of atmospheric aerosols
II. Smoke, haze, and cloud cover
III. Change in land use
IV. Combustion of fossil fuels
A) III and IV only
B) II, III, and IV
C) II and III only
D) I, II, III, and IV
E) IV only

28.
Use the equation to help you calculate the heat of combustion ofethylene, C2H4. The bond energies are: C H 416 kJ/mol; C C 598kJ/mol; O O 498 kJ/mol; C O 803 kJ/mol; H O 467 kJ/mol.

The heat of combustion of ethylene is

A) 1216 kJ/mol.
B) 220 kJ/mol.
C) 1324 kJ/mol.
D) 754 kJ/mol.
E) 242 kJ/mol.

29.
Scientists believe they know the average global temperature overthe last 160,000 years. Which property of the ice core samples fromAntarctica provides this information?
A) the 1H/2H ratio
B) the density of the ice
C) the thickness
D) the temperature
E) the carbon dioxide concentration

30.
(Both the Clinton) and the George W. Bush administrations have beenunwilling to sign the Kyoto Protocol. What has been a stated reasonfor their objection to the treaty?
A) Enforcement of the treaty will be impossible.
B) Lack of conclusive evidence that increased atmospheric CO2 leadsto global warming.
C) The target emission levels are not sufficiently low to affectthe greenhouse effect.
D) The treaty does not include a provision for trading emissionallowances.
E) Developing countries are not required to control greenhouse gasemissions.

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