BSC 1011C Chapter Notes -Cellulose, Starch, Polysaccharide
Document Summary
Starch is a storage polysaccharide of plants consisting of glucose monomers. Plants store extra starch as granules within chloroplasts and other plastids. Glycogen is a storage polysaccharide in animals and is mainly liver and muscle cells. Cellulose is a major component of the rigid wall of plant cells. Like starch, cellulose is a glucose polymer, but the glycosidic linkages differ. Functions of proteins in living systems include acting as enzymes and hormones, maintaining proper fluid and acid-base balance, providing nutrient transport, making antibodies, enabling wound healing and tissue regeneration, and providing energy when carbohydrate and fat intake is inadequate. R-groups differ in amino acids because they differ in chemical properties. The four levels of protein structure are the primary structure of a protein and its unique sequence of amino acids. The secondary form is found in most proteins, consisting of coils and folds in the polypeptide chain.
