PSYCHOLOGY Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Intellectual Disability, Intelligence Quotient, Developmental Disorder
14 Apr 2023
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Document Summary
Intellectual disability, formerly known as mental retardation, can be caused by a range of environmental and genetic factors that lead to a combination of cognitive and social impairments. Both social adaptation and intelligence quotient (iq) are necessary to determine the level of intellectual disability. Measures of adaptive function assess competency in social functioning, understanding of societal norms, and performance of everyday tasks, whereas measures of intellectual function focus on cognitive abilities. In the diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, fifth edition (dsm-5), various levels of severity of intellectual disability are determined on the basis of adaptive functioning, not on iq scores. This change in emphasis from prior diagnostic manuals has been adopted by. Dsm-5 because adaptive functioning determines the level of support that is required. Intellectual disability involves impairments of general mental abilities that impact adaptative functioning in three domains or areas.
