CRM 4302 Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: Thomas Mathiesen, Commodification, Compass Group

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pumpernicklebread

16 Nov 2022

School

University of Ottawa

Department

Criminology

Course

CRM 4302

Professor

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Abolitionism: is a stance, an attitude of saying no, doesn"t mean it will be answered affirmatively in practice, in no, to prison/police/punitive injustice will not occur in our time, it is viable and important as a stance. A way of conceptualizing the punitive and justice system, and other forms of carceral control that surveil, apprehend, contain and that exclude people. It" about how they reproduce colonialism, injustices, capitalism It"s a way of acting, it"s symbolically making a difference (changing the way we talk about carceral institutions and practices about the way they work) Foucault: prisons fail, and we try to re-produce it. Abolitionists arent against all reforms covid in prison: Isolated people for 14 days, excluded people from rehab, reintegration reformist reform vs. Reformist reform: accept that the criminal justice system is necessary (we need courts, police, prisons, and when something in it fails, we try to fix it)

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First Task: The Exercise for Your Imagination
John Rawls introduces his reader to several concepts fundamental to a thorough account of the idea of justice: Liberty; equality; rights; and fairness. But he is deservedly of philosophical interest because of the way he fulfills his aim, which is “...To present a conception of justice which generalizes and carries to a higher level of abstraction the familiar theory of the social contract as found in Locke, Rousseau, and Kant” (Pojman 620, Lt). Rawls introduces an imaginary device in order to establish the conditions under which “the principles of justice for the basic structure of society...would (be accepted)” (620 Lm). It is these conditions, Rawls’ “initial position of equality,” and his device for establishing them, “the veil of ignorance,” that I would have you think about for your exercise (620 Lm and 620 Rm): “The veil of ignorance...ensures that no one is advantaged or disadvantaged in the choice of principles by the outcome of natural chance or the contingency of social circumstances” (620 Rm).

As an exercise of the imagination, you are asked, as Rawls asks us all, to imagine yourself in the “initial position of equality” under “the veil of ignorance.” Discover for yourself if doing so is or is not conducive to a genuine sense of fairness, as you prepare to make “one of the most general of all choices which persons might make together, namely ...the choice of the first principles of a conception of justice which is to regulate all subsequent criticism and reform of institutions” (621 Lt).

Second Task: The Writing Assignment
Please number your responses:
1. Describe your experience. Take the time to do so as completely as you are able.
2. How did this exercise affect your understanding of the section titled “The Reasoning Leading to the Two Principles of Justice” (624 Lm). It requires an effort to do so, but try to justify your response with direct reference to your own experience of imagining and reading, not to associations or thoughts gathered from any other source. Provide\ relevant quotations to focus your reader’s attention.
3. Relate your experience to Rawls’ “Two Principles of Justice,” especially concerning his denying “exchanges between basic liberties and economic and social benefits” (624 Rb). Be as descriptive as you are able, using direct quotations as support.
4. What is your opinion of Rawls’ “General Conception” (627 Rb)? Use quotations to assist in your explanation.

kristintreharne

1. In recent years China market reforms have turned toward:

	A.	more free trade, allowing foreign-owned enterprises to import, export, and establish production in China.
	B.	establishing more urban collectives.
	C.	transforming state-owned enterprises into shareholder-owned corporations.
	D.	reestablishing central planning.

2. In pure capitalism, the role of government is best described as:

	A.	nonexistent
	B.	limited
	C.	significant
	D.	extensive

3. In pre-reform Russia and pre-reform China:

	A.	both consumer and capital goods outputs were determined by central planning.
	B.	both consumer and capital goods outputs were determined by the market.
	C.	capital goods output was determined by planning, but consumer goods output was determined by the market.
	D.	consumer goods output was determined by planning, but capital goods output was determined by the market.

4. In college, you practically existed on Spam, but now that you have an $80,000 a year job, you never want to see Spam again. We can safely conclude that you consider Spam to be

	A.	a normal good.
	B.	a complementary good.
	C.	an inferior good.
	D.	a luxury good.

5. In a free market, the price system determines how society's output will be distributed by:

	A.	ensuring that low-income people can buy all of the necessities for living.
	B.	providing goods for those willing and able to pay the equilibrium price.
	C.	ensuring that each commodity is produced by the most efficient technique.
	D.	allowing all those who desire a commodity to buy it.

taupesnail247

Henry told us in his guide to the Institutional Framework of Taxation in Australia that the Australian Taxation System is one of the most complex in the world and is made up of approximately 125 taxes including taxes such as Income Tax, Capital Gains Tax, Fringe Benefits Tax and Goods and Services Tax just to name a few. He also mentioned that there are many different organisations that play different and varied roles within this system to ensure its integrity and all Australians are equally treated with equity.
The Australian Taxation System is embedded in the way of life for all Australian taxpayers, we pay tax on our income, we pay tax when we purchase goods and use services, we pay tax when we sell assets and this is just to name a few but in return the Government provides services and benefits e.g. hospitals, schools, defence, and financial assistance to those in need etc.
As we know the government relies very heavily on the revenue from taxation to be able to finance its activities and services it offers to the public and reforms on taxation are often a focus of governments. An area of taxation reform that is constantly under review is a rise in the current GST rate or broaden the GST base (e.g. make basic foods taxable). Many feel that this would solve some of the governmentâs financial woes, whilst other are adamantly against any rise or broaden of the tax base. This is a very political issue and is extremely topical as the government, opposition and the premiers of the Australian States/Terrorities are engaged in heated debates regarding the issue of GST and its possible reform.
The assessment requires you to review this topical area of taxation (GST Reform).

Some views may be that it is not unreasonable to raise the GST rate as compared to other OECD countries the Australian rate is very low, that broadening the tax base will make GST a simpler tax remembering that businesses are responsible for its collection and a more simply system will lessen their burden. Others may view it as that the GST rate should not be raised or the base broaden as it will cause more financial stress on some areas of the public, it may be the view that it is too much of a problem politically for a government to introduce changes to GST especially as we head into an election year â¦.. WHAT WILL YOUR VIEW BE?
The requirements of the assignment for part two is to produce a 1000 to 1500 word essay on your opinion of this topic

CRM 4302 Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: Thomas Mathiesen, Commodification, Compass Group

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