BIOL 04103 Chapter Notes - Chapter 5 + 6 : Asexual Reproduction, Sexual Reproduction, Chromatin
23 Oct 2022
School
Department
Course
Professor
Document Summary
All multicellular organisms began life as a single cell (zygote) The initial cell divides into 2 cells, then each cell divides again, and again, and again. There are many important functions of cellular respiration. In your body, millions of cells must divide every second: repair/replace lost cells, reproduction of organisms, asexual reproduction: identical daughter cells (copies) produced via mitosis. Sexual reproduction: gametes (eggs and sperm) produced via meiosis (next lecture: heredity, passing genes from cell to cell. Chromatin: combination of dna and proteins that makes up chromosomes. Is condensed during cell division to form chromosomes. Genes are found on chromosomes: sections of dna that act as blueprints for proteins code for amino acids, sometimes referred to as loci (sing. locus) on chromosomes. Humans: 20,000 genes that code for proteins, some organisms with many genes, some with few. No link between organism complexity and # of chromosomes. Long strands of dna compacted into tight spaces.
