BA 350 Lecture Notes - Organizational Citizenship Behavior, Attribution Bias, Cognitive Dissonance

QUESTION 1

1. Some workers are being paid above their pay range and then they get their wage rate frozen at their current rate of pay until salary scales catch up. What is this practice is called?

   a.

   green-circling

   b.

   red-circling

   c.

   merit pay reduction

   d.

   conservative pay reduction

1 points   

QUESTION 2

1. Functional job analysis was pioneered in the United States in the 1930s and is the precursor to the Canadian National Occupational Classification system.

    True

    False

1 points   

QUESTION 3

1. Which method of job analysis focuses on the behaviours that make up a job and uses job elements to describe work activities?

   a.

   Position Analysis Questionnaire

   b.

   Interviews

   c.

   Observation

   d.

   Functional Job Analysis

1 points   

QUESTION 4

1. A job specification is summary of the duties, responsibilities, and reporting relationships pertaining to a particular job.

    True

    False

1 points   

QUESTION 5

1. What is one problem with using the ranking/paired job evaluation method?

   a.

   It is time consuming.

   b.

   It is not acceptable to pay equity commissions.

   c.

   It is not acceptable to employment equity commissions.

   d.

   It cannot address external market equity.

1 points   

QUESTION 6

1. What are the three main reasons for conducting job evaluations?

   a.

   to decrease wage costs, to create job families, and to create pay equity

   b.

   to control wage costs, to create equitable pay structures, and to create employment equity

   c.

   to control wage costs, to create equitable pay structures, and to create the perception of an equitable pay system among participants

   d.

   to increase wage costs, to create equitable pay structures, and to create pay equity

1 points   

QUESTION 7

1. In 2018, Canada passed pay equity legislation that applies to all employers in Canada.

    True

    False

1 points   

QUESTION 8

1. A job description is a summary of the employee qualifications required to perform the duties for a given job.

    True

    False

1 points   

QUESTION 9

1. What is the major benefit for the ranking method of job analysis?

   a.

   It creates a series of grade descriptions.

   b.

   It creates a series of grade descriptions.

   c.

   It creates relative equal intervals between job classifications.

   d.

   It incorporates market data.

1 points   

QUESTION 10

1. What occurs to the female job class if the percentage of secretaries in that job class changes from 95 percent to 30 percent?

   a.

   It becomes a new job class.

   b.

   It becomes a male job class.

   c.

   It remains a female job class.

   d.

   It becomes a gender neutral job class.

1 points   

QUESTION 11

1. Why might using job descriptions for job evaluation purposes prove problematic?

   a.

   Companies simply do not keep wage rates updated.

   b.

   The dynamic nature of the general environment creates a situation whereby job duties change without human resources departments noticing it.

   c.

   Creating and maintaining job descriptions is not a laborious process.

   d.

   The output created by the job analysis process yields poor results.

1 points   

QUESTION 12

1. What is a valid reason to re-evaluate jobs?

   a.

   A new member joins the committee.

   b.

   The compensation-level strategy changes.

   c.

   A new performance system is implemented.

   d.

   There is a high level of appeals.

1 points   

QUESTION 13

1. What is the first step in most pay equity processes?

   a.

   analyze gender data

   b.

   determine what rules and laws apply

   c.

   review compensation

   d.

   analyze and compare jobs

1 points   

QUESTION 14

1. Which term refers to an organization that gives an employee the ability to appeal a decision of the job evaluation committee?

   a.

   procedural justice

   b.

   distributional justice

   c.

   organizational justice

   d.

   grievance system

1 points   

QUESTION 15

1. What is the observation method of job analysis well-suited for?

   a.

   jobs that have a short work cycle

   b.

   jobs with a long work cycle

   c.

   minimum wage jobs

   d.

   minimum wage jobs

1 points   

QUESTION 16

1. Which term refers to the relative value of different jobs as determined by knowledgeable individuals?

   a.

   the proxy method

   b.

   PAQ analysis

   c.

   paired comparison method

   d.

   the ranking method

1 points   

QUESTION 17

1. Once an organization has posted its pay equity plan, it has met its legal responsibility under the legislation and no further action is required.

    True

    False

1 points   

QUESTION 18

1. Which job evaluation category uses human judgement as the determining factor?

   a.

   whole job

   b.

   factor comparison

   c.

   statistical/policy capturing

   d.

   point-factor management analysis

1 points   

QUESTION 19

1. ABC Inc. is a new organization planning to launch a call centre in the next six months. You have been tasked with creating detailed job descriptions for several operational roles in the call centre. Which information collection method would you likely rely on to gather job information?

   a.

   utility analysis

   b.

   functional job analysis

   c.

   variable analysis

   d.

   data analysis

1 points   

QUESTION 20

1. What is a primary problem of job analysis process?

   a.

   creating too many job families

   b.

   analyzing the jobholder not the job

   c.

   having a committee

     d.

   professional designations

1. What is a global pricing strategy that relies on a fixed price for all export markets? 

a. Rigid cost-plus pricing 

b. Push marketing 

c. Dumping

2. Brunner Inc. is a cell phone company. They have multiple distribution channels worldwide already set, as they directly sell to the main carriers in the major economies. Normally, their cell phones are smartphones for the high-end users, but they now have released a new brand for the mid-range clients. They did not want to release the mid-range cell phones under the Brunner trademark, because it is a different market segment. The top mobile carriers in the top economies all will sell their new mid-range brand. Which of the following BEST explains what Brunner is doing in this scenario? 

a. Brunner is using push marketing, in which the traditional distributing partners will help them reach the consumer. Brunner should use advertisement with the new brand name, but they should include "made by Brunner." This way, the plan will report the most revenue. 

b. Brunner is using viral marketing, in which the traditional distribution partners will help them reach the consumer. Brunner should not put their trademark name in any of the new brand ads, as it will damage their luxury brand reputation. This way the company will get the most revenue. 

c. Brunner is using guerilla marketing, in which the traditional distribution partners will help them reach the consumer. Brunner should use advertisement with the new brand name, but they should include "made by Brunner." This way, the plan will report the most revenue.

3. Walter Co. manufactures veterinary feed. Since cats and dogs eat similar food all over the world, they standardized global branding. The product is exactly the same, and they export it to supermarket chains all over the world. They do not even have to worry about translating the packaging, because people see the pictures of dogs and cats. However, Walter Co. noticed that in the Middle East markets, sales went down suddenly when an NGO said the feed included pork. West Africa and North Africa's sales also started to decrease. What motive would there be to change their current business model?

a. They should change the glocalization they have been doing recently. The branding is too responsive to the culture and structure. This has offended many people trying to buy their product, but they find that it is importing foreigner values. 

b. They should keep the same operations: a standardization strategy. They should refocus their attention to other markets, which can help get more revenues by increasing economies of scale. 

c. The company should localize, to determine national preferences. They should keep the global branding promotion the same to save costs, but they should open a processing plant in the Middle East to make a pork-less feed for the affected markets.

4. _________ agents act as am importer's representative with local customs agencies.   

a. Export   

b. Forwarding   

c. Clearing 

d. Purchasing

5. What do distribution agents do? 

a. They help companies distribute talent across an organization. 

b. They forecast new business models. 

c. They help companies sell their products in individual markets by doing product demonstrations. 

d. They help companies import and export goods.

6. When considering the ways companies can gain advantages by being globally integrated, having a digital platform 

a. may mean creating a network of specialized, focused operations around the world that are tightly controlled by a central hub.

b. may mean maintaining a small number of large facilities to make products for export to markets around the world. 

c. allows people all over the company and even outside it to easily contribute to knowledge and products. 

d. means making tight links between value-chain activities.

7. What is the first step in getting local branches to act like local innovators?   

a. Launching local branding campaigns 

b. Building new offices 

c. Conducting local market research

8. Companies typically move abroad in order to _____________.

a. acquire new resources 

b. learn new cultures 

c. reduce risk

9. Which of the following is not a primary emerging market that the US is looking to expand into? 

a. India 

b. Mexico 

c. China 

d. Brazil

10. In the context of globalization, identify a difference between the research and development (R&D) trend in the United States when compared with other nations of the world. 

a. Unlike Japan, the United States represents less than 26 percent of global spending on R&D. 

b. Unlike in other countries, in the United States, private nonprofit donors are not allowed to invest in R&D. 

c. In the United States, nearly 70 percent of R&D is funded by the government. 

d. Unlike in Asian countries, R&D spending in the United States is proportional to the increase in the countries' gross domestic product (GDP).