PP201 Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: Logical Reasoning, Deductive Reasoning, Confirmation Bias

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4 Jul 2022
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Cogency is tested in 3 ways: by assessing whether the premises are acceptable, relevance, and provide good grounds for the conclusion. Sometimes premises are obviously false: the great pyramid of giza is 180 kilometres tall, the population of paris, france is smaller than paris, ontario, the prime minister of canada is joe clark. All of these statements are false, and hopefully obviously false. If any of these are used as a premise in an argument, the premise will be unacceptable. Most often, though, premises look plausible: the great pyramid of giza is 180 metres tall, the population of paris, france is smaller than montreal, quebec, the 15th prime minister of canada was joe clark. But we can provisionally accept each of them in an argument. We may decide later that we need to determine their truth, but for now we can see if the argument fails on other conditions.

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