ECON-1010 Chapter Notes - Chapter 23: Phillips Curve, Aggregate Supply

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mphyde

12 May 2022

School

Vanderbilt University

Department

Economics

Course

ECON-1010

Professor

Hojjatallah Ghandi

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ECON-1010 Full Course Notes

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Ch 23: full employment and a new long-run equilibrium. Full-employment level of real gdp: real gdp @ full employment. If actual employment is greater than full employment level, in ation rises. Absolute capacity is slightly larger than full employment gdp. If ad decreases while economy is at full-employment level of real gdp, there will be a recession. Movement along as curve to the left = output and unemployment decrease. If the labor force is unchanged, unemployment increases. Price will increase more due to a right shift in ad where ad crosses as at a steeper point. Phillips curve: shows a negative relationship between in ation and unemployment rates. As spending increases, unemployment decreases, but rate of in ation increases. Demand-pull in ation: when the cause of in ation is that ad increases more rapidly than as. Stag ation: when the economy experiences rising in ation and rising unemployment.

Related Questions

1. In the long run, when prices are perfectly flexible:

a. aggregate supply is vertical and a market economy is self-correcting.

b. a market economy cannot self-correct.

c. government will be required to set prices to maintain equilibrium.

d. changes in aggregate demand cause equilibrium real GDP to change.

2. An increase in household wealth when the SRAS curve is upward sloping:

a. leads to an increase in the price level but has no impact on real GDP

b. has no impact on the price level but leads to an increase in real GDP

c. leads to an increase in both the price level and real GDP

d. has no impact on the price level or real GDP

3. In the long run, continued increases in aggregate demand not matched by similar increases in aggregate supply will cause:

a. an increase in the full-employment level of real GDP

b. a recessionary gap

c. a decrease in the price level

d. an increase in the price level

4. The vertical long-run aggregate supply curve implies that:

a. changes in aggregate demand will not affect the price level

b. the short-run aggregate supply curve is also vertical

c. natural or full-employment real GDP does not depend on the price level, in the long run

d. natural or full-employment real GDP is the same as the equilibrium real GDP in the short run

5. A rightward shift of the long-run aggregate supply curve illustrates:

a. economic growth

b. a recessionary gap

c. an inflationary gap

d. a decrease in natural real GDP

6. When the economy is in a recessionary gap

a. there is a surplus of labor

b. there is a shortage of labor

c. it is producing a real GDP level that is greater than natural real GDP

d. the unemployment rate is less than the natural unemployment rate

7. If the actual unemployment rate is less than the natural unemployment rate:

a. a recessionary gap exists and wages are likely to rise

b. an inflationary gap exists and wages are likely to rise

c. a recessionary gap exists and wages are likely to fall

d. an inflationary gap exists and wages are likely to fall

8. An economy in long-run equilibrium is producing:

a. a level of real GDP that is greater than its natural real GDP

b. where both the price level and real output are maximized

c. a level of real GDP equal to its natural real GDP

d. in the vertical range of aggregate demand.

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6) According to Classical theory, the economy is self-regulating. If it is in a recessionary gap, what happens? Question options:

Wages rise, the SRAS curve shifts leftward, and both Real GDP and the price level rise.

Wages fall, the SRAS curve shifts rightward, the price level falls, and Real GDP rises.

Wages fall, the SRAS curve shifts leftward, the price level rises, and Real GDP falls.

none of the above

7) According to the classical economists, which of the following statements is true?

Question options:

Financial markets ensure that S will equal I..

Interest rate flexibility will ensure that planned saving is equal to planned investment.

There is a direct relationship between the amount individuals plan to save and the interest rate - higher rates cause people to save more and lower rates reduce savings.

Interest rates determine how much business firms invest - higher interest rates reduce investment and lower rates increase investment.

All of the above are true.

10)

If actual Real GDP is greater than the full employment Real GDP, then the (actual) unemployment rate is

Question options:

	greater than the natural unemployment rate and an inflationary gap exists.
	less than the natural unemployment rate and a recessionary gap exists.
	greater than the natural unemployment rate and a recessionary gap exists.
	less than the natural unemployment rate and an inflationary gap exists.
	equal to the natural unemployment rate and no gap exists.

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Question 1 A recession occurs when there is a six consecutive month fall in Question 1 options:

A) real GDP.

B) nominal GDP.

C) the trade balance.

D) the price level.

Question 2 Since 1929, real GDP in the United States has grown at an average annual rate of about Question 2 options:

A) 0.5 percent.

B) 1 percent.

C) 3 percent.

D) 7.5 percent.

Question 3 Suppose that after reading a two-year low, the index of leading economic indicators rises for several months. Which of the following economic events will likely follow? Question 3 options:

A) A recession.

B) Severe inflation.

C) Increased production.

D) Reduced investment.

Question 4 Which of the following people would be officially counted as unemployed? Question 4 options:

A) A person who works only 5 hours per week for pay.

B) A full-time college student who chooses not to have a paying job.

C) A family member who works 20 hours per week in the family business without pay.

D) A jobless high-school graduate who is actively looking for work.

Question 5 Assume a country's population (age 16 and over) is 1 million people. What is the unemployment rate if there are 750,000 people in the labor force, 60,000 of whom are unemployed? Question 5 options:

A) 6%.

B) 8%.

C) 12.5%

D) 16.7%

Question 6 If a sizable number of workers were switched from full-time to half time employment, then the official unemployment rate would Question 6 options:

A) rise.

B) fall.

C) remain unchanged.

D) react unpredictably.

Question 7 Which of the following people would be classified as structurally unemployed? Question 7 options:

A) Computer programmers who lost their jobs because of a recession.

B) Construction workers who are on temporary layoff.

C) Discouraged workers who have given up looking for work.

D) Textile workers who lost their jobs because of new foreign competition.

Question 8 The economy is fully employed when there is no :

A) seasonal unemployment.

B) frictional unemployment.

C) structrual unemployment.

D) cyclical unemployment.

Question 9 The GDP gap measures the nation's monetary losses of real goods and services from :

A) operating at less than full employment.

B) discouraged workers who have stopped searching for employment. C) murders, suicides, and other sociological impacts of sustained unemployment.

D) seasonal and frictional unemployment.

Question 10 In the United States, the unemployment rate for blacks is :

A) roughly the same as the unemployment rate for whites.

B) about 1â2 percentage points higher than the unemployment rate for whites.
C) more than twice the unemployment rate for whites.

D) between 3 and 4 times the unemployment rate for whites.

ECON-1010 Chapter Notes - Chapter 23: Phillips Curve, Aggregate Supply

ECON-1010 Full Course Notes

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