BIOLOGY 2C03 Chapter Notes - Chapter 11: Wild Type, Mutation Rate, Dna Replication
Document Summary
Molbio 2c03 chapter 11: mutations and repair. Mutation rate is measured by: phenotype change: 10-6 to 10-8/ individual, dna sequence level: 10-9 per replicated base pair. Germ-line mutations: can be passed from one generation to the next. Stomatic mutations: not genetically impact the next generation. Trasition mutation: a g, t c. Transversion mutation: a or g t or c. Forward mutation: a wild type => a mutant allele. Reverse mutation or reversion: mutant alleles (phenotype) => wild-type or near wild-type allele (phenotype: true reversion: another mutation restores wild-type dna sequence. Intragenic reversion: second mutation elsewhere in the same gene restores gene function: second-site reversion: mutation in a different gene that compensates for the original mutation, restoring the organism to wild-type -> also called suppressor mutation. Spontaneous mutations: changes in the chemical structure of a nucleotide base, errors in dna replication: 1 x 10-9 per base per replication. Insertions & deletions of nucleotide repeats occurs at high frequency.
