BIOLOGY 2C03 Chapter Notes - Chapter 9: Peptide Bond, Carboxylic Acid, Amine
Document Summary
Molbio 2c03 chapter 9: molecular biology of translation. Twenty amino acids serve as building blocks of polypeptides. Covalent bonds (peptide bonds) linking amino acids to form a polypeptide chain. Amino acid sequence determines the properties of a polypeptide. All amino acids have a central carbon, an amino group, a carboxyl group, and an r-group. Aminoacyl site (a site): new trna entry. Peptidyl site(p site): holds the trna to which the polypeptide is attached. 3d ribosome structure and trna-binding sites interpreted from cryo-em-generated data. Three phases: initiation, elongation, and termination: overall similar among bacteria, archaea, and eukaryotes, main differences in start codon identification. Translation termination termination signal: one of the 3 stop codons (uaa, uag, uga) enters the a site of the ribosome. Releace factors (rf): binds a stop codon in the a site: the polypeptide release, rf ejection, ribosomal subunits separate. All 3 domains terminate similarly termination of translation by release factors (erf) proteins in eukaryotes.
