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ANSC 1210 Lecture 12: Lecture 12

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burgundygnat179
19 Nov 2021
School
University of Guelph
Department
Animal Science
Course
ANSC 1210
Professor

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Document Summary

Benefits of sickness behaviour: sickness behaviour is proposed to constitute ad adaptive strategy involving energy saving measures such as. General disinterest in pleasurable activates, social behaviours and interactions. Energy normally used for growth and reproduction will instead be used for the energetically demanding metabolic activity of the immune system. Assessment of animal welfare at the group level. What to assess: measures of the environment and resources: welfare inputs resource-based measures, measures of the animal"s responses: welfare outputs outcome-based measures. Animal/ genetic, early life experiences: outputs. Real-world problem: group assessment living in large groups. Assessment on group level: choosing welfare indicators. Practicability: time constraints, expenses, handling of animals, observation periods. Validity: meaningfulness of the parameter, test has to be validated using another, scientifically accepted measurement. Health and welfare monitoring impact assessment of interventions: voluntary certification schemes, legislation, codes of practice, advisory preventive medicine. Perceive evaluate act revaluate: benchmarking system. Giving points of reference for; animal-based parameters, production performance: management system.

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Related Questions

What are prions?

In cell, there are subcellular organelles. They are not full organism. Prions are just proteins. They don't have any other macromolecules. Prions have capacity to form copies through replication. They replicate through free radical and chain mechanism. 

Doctor Stainly pruisne work on prions and show it's relation with disease called mad cow disease. ( This is neurodegenerative disease and responsible for harmful effects on brain).

In Australia sheep was infected with prions, caused scarpie disease in sheep. Organs of sloghed sheep were used in cow feedd. When cow consume feed, prions were transmitted to cow and cow start to show unusual behavior.

Symptoms of prions infection are like that of some disease 

  1. Kurulyprosy
  2. Insomnia
  3. Dimensia

Detection of prions: Prions can be detected by Western bloting.

Normal prions:

Normal prions are present in our body. They don't have tendency to form rigid aggregate. They are quite less in number. They have following functions

  1. Cellular differentiation
  2. Store elemental surplus that is used in future
  3. Memory enhancement

Molecular basis of prions:There is some difference in structure of Normal and abnormal prions.

  1.  Normal prions have molecular weight 33-35KD while abnormal prions have molecular weight 27-30KD
  2. In normal prions at position 178 amino acid aspartate is present while in abnormal prions at 178 position asparagine is present. 

Prions diagnosis and analysis:

  1. Brain biopsy....in past for taking sample brain biopsy was used but now a days tonsils biopsy is used for sampling.

Immuno fluorescence:Biopsy sample is taken on slide and it is treated with antibody ( of abnormal prions) which is against normal prions. Speciality of antibody is that when it bind with abnormal prion it will glow. If we capture fluroscene it's mean abnormal prion is present in sample. As abnormal prion antibody was label with fluroscene probe. So patient sample will show fluroscene while normal sample will not show fluroscene.

Transmission of prions: Normally prions can't Cross specie barrier they transmitted through different ways. Like as formite

If a person is effected with prions and he has wound in head and his comb is used by another person so prions can be transferred to other individual. Comb is Carrier of prion.

Prions are very slow acting immune system can't destroy them.