SOCI 1101 Study Guide - Final Guide: Social Loafing, Groupthink, Arson
Document Summary
Groups: collection of people who share some common attribute and have ongoing social relationships with each other, primary: composed of the people most important to our sense of self, secondary: larger and less personal than primary groups. Sanctions are positive (rewards) or negative (punishments) reactions to conforming to or breaking norms. The four main agents are family, schools, peers, and mass media: role conflict: when the roles of two statuses clash, role strain: when roles associated with one status clash, resocialization: replacing old values and norms with new ones. Sometimes this must happen in a total institution: bureaucracy: secondary group designed to perform tasks more efficiently. Purposes for punishment: punishment is used to prevent people from doing the crime again. Deterrence is using threats or harsh penalties to prevent people from committing a crime again. Retribution emphasizes that society has a right to revenge for a crime. Incapacitation seeks to protect society from criminals by executing or imprisoning them.
