CMH 2000 Lecture Notes - Lecture 7: Millennium Development Goals, Sustainable Development, Global Health
Module 7: Millennium Development Goals and Sustainable Development
• Millennium Development Goals were established by the United Nations in 2000 to improve
development efforts until 2015
o The big goal is that we end poverty by 2015 if nations work together towards
common goals
• Why do Goals matter?
o Critical for social mobilization
o Global goals – peer pressure
o Epistemic communities (communities that share knowledge & practice)
o Mobilize stakeholders networks
• Eight Millennium Development Goals are focused in countries undergoing development
o All are related to health
▪ Eradicate extreme poverty
▪ Achieve universal primary education
• Can only be met if they are healthy enough to attend school
▪ Promote gender equality and empower women
• Women’s health is affected by their lack of equality
▪ Reduce child mortality
▪ Improve maternal health
▪ Combat HIV/AIDS, malaria, and other diseases
▪ Ensure environment sustainability
• Need safe water and sanitation which is related to health
▪ Global partnership for development
• Related to how different actors in global health can work together to
improve health and development.
• Since 1990 we’ve cut poverty rates in half
o Still have 1 in 9 people in the world who remain hungry
• Enrolment in primary education is 90%
o 58 million children remain out of school
• We can say today that the world has “achieved equality”
o In many countries girls and boys don’t receive the same levels of education
o Women still face discrimination
• 17,000 fewer die each day than in 1990
o 6 million children still die before 1st birthday
• Maternal Mortality fell by 45%
o Only half of women in developing regions receive recommended health care
• 9.7 million people were receiving lifesaving medicines for HIV in 2012
o 3.3 million malaria deaths prevented
o However ever hour 50 young women are infected with HIV
o In 2012 malaria killed an estimated 627,000 people
• 2.3 billion people gained access to clean drinking water
o 2.5 billion don’t have basic sanitation such as toilets
• Debt service has declined for developing countries and trade climate continues to improve
o Aid money hit a record high but it shifted away from the poor countries
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