BIOL 1406 Lecture 11: Biology notes ch. 12

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8 Feb 2017
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The continuity of life is based on the reproduction of cells, or cell division. In unicellular organisms, division of one cell reproduces the entire organism. During mitosis the chromosomes must be divided perfectly so that each new cell (daughter cell) is identical to the parent cell. Each cell must have the right dna to survive. All the dna in a cell constitutes the cell"s genome. A genome can consist of a single dna molecule (common in prokaryotic cells) or a number of. Every eukaryotic species has a characteristic number of chromosomes. Somatic cells (body cells) have two sets of chromosomes (diploid=2n) Gametes (sperm and eggs) have only one set of chromosomes (haploid=n) When cells are not dividing the dna is in the form of chromatin. Dna and protein that are uncondensed and functional. In preparation for cell division, dna is replicated and the chromosomes form. Each duplicated chromosome has two sister chromatids, which separate during cell division.

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