BIOLOGY 102 Lecture Notes - Lecture 9: Chromosome Abnormality, Sister Chromatids, Meiosis

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1 Feb 2016
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What part of the chromosome is on the line: in metaphase ii: centromere, where the sister chromatids cross-over (cid:1) (cid:1) (cid:1) How many total chromosomes are present in one of the two cells you drew for metaphase ii: eight, four, two, one. Gives 2 x"s and one y"s sex chromosomes. Homologs fail to separate during metaphase i. Two gametes end up with an extra chromosome and two that are missing one. Fertilization by a normal gamete results in either: trisomy (3 copies of a chromosome, monosomy ( 1 copy of chromosome) Monosomy / trisomy is typically not viable (embryo fails to develop) A few are viable: trisomy 21 down syndrome, trisomy 18 edwards syndrome. Small head and jaw, low-set ears, clenched hands: trisomy 13 patau syndrome. Small head, spinal defects, eye defects, low-set ears, overlapping fingers, deformed feet, etc. Weaker muscles, low testosterone, less facial/body hair: short stature, low hairline, low-set ears, webbed neck, small fingernails, heart problems (cid:1) (cid:1)

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