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CHEM 2545 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Ethyl Acetate, Diethyl Ether, Benzophenone

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1 Dec 2018

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Pre lab 3 homework (35 pts total: read through the experimental for lab 3 in your manual and write out the procedure into your lab notebook, leaving room for observations etc. Benzophenone is the more polar compound due to the presence of an oxygen atom. The biphenyl molecule contains only carbon and hydrogen bonds, which are all considered to be nonpolar. However, benzophenone has an oxygen atom between its two carbon rings. The molecule still remains symmetrical, so this molecule would not be very polar but would certainly behave more polar than biphenyl. (c) which compound would you expect to interact less with a polar stationary phase? (2 pt) The biphenyl would be expected to interact less with a polar stationary phase due to the fact that it is a nonpolar molecule. This would cause it to not react very strongly with a polar substance.

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How do you solve #8?

Brooklyn College of C.U.N.Y Spring 209 Chemistry 1.2 Makeup Midterm Exam Lab. Sectio Physical Constants R-0.0821 L.atrn /mM1 K: 1 atrm-760 Torr; h-6.626 x 10" Js. c-300 x 10' mis Multiple Choice Question4 points each. Circle the correct choice I. How many orbitals are there in the n - 3 shel 2. Which of the following is not a valid set of four b6 ( 4)12 e) none of the preceding choices quantum numbers to describe an electron in an atom? 3. Which pair of elements would you expect to exhibit the most similar physical and chemical peoperties? a) As and Se Na and ci As and Sb s) B and Bensnp 4) The rn unpaired electrons in the ground state of an atom of Co is... ree (C) five (D) seven (E) none of the preceding choices 0è®ä¸ä½å£ wch of the following processes is exothermic? a) lonization of a sodium atom b) Formation of gaseous Which of the following bonds is the most polar? a) N-O b)o-F ) B-o )so e)all are equally polar t what temperature (in C) will 25.0 g of carbon dioxide (at 1.00 atm) occupy 21.3 L? 8Â°C b) 461 C c) -263Â°C d)-270Â°C e) 113Â°C How many times more rapidly will hydrogen (H,) gas effuse through a pinhole than will deuterium ( Deuterium is an isotope of hydrogen with a molecular mass of 4.0 g'mole. (A) 2 (B)2 (C)2v2 (D)4 9, Which of the following arrangements from lowest to highest in first ionization energies is correct ? 10. In which of the following compounds obeys the octet rule? a) XeF b) BF, c) CIO d) SO, pone of the preceding choicees 11. The bright spectral lines observed in the emission spectrum of a flame or gas discharge tube are due to a) the absorption of light at specific wavelengths b) the formation of an excited state of atoms the transition of an atom from an excited state to a lower energy state d) the change from anti-parallel to parallel electron spins in an atom oxygen at 25 Â°C. Comparing the pressure of the hydrogen to the exygen, the ratio will be From Bond Dissociation Enthalpies: Î11D (CI-CI)-243 klinolalo (F-F )-159 kJ/mol; Î1lo (CHF)-25 12.A one-liter container is filled with one mole of hydrogen at 25 Â°C.A second one-liter container is filled with or 2CIF(R) alculate the enthalpy, AH, for the chemical reaction: Cl (g)+ F: (g) (a)-147 kJ (b)-108 kJ (c) +171 kJ (d) +912J (H lou, mory t,hes more rapidy wil, hydrogen w many tes more ro

questions 12-21

STEREOISOMERISM WITH MOLECULAR MODELS models regularly in your courve to view three-dimenstional structures as an aid to predicning behavior and reactivity. This exercise is dexigned to familiarize you wih stereaisomerism.As you build the madlels insdractor for credit befare leaving Your instractor may provide a key below, questians are posed that you should answer in your notebook You will need to show your work to your Enantiomers and Diastereomers Review the definitions of chirality center, enantioners, diastercomers, meso, and the symmetry elements (plane, axis, and center of symmetry). A chiral molecule cannot have a plane of symmetry, a cester of symmetry or an axis of symmetry greater than two-fold (i.e, mo less than 180Â° rotation). Leaming to recognize these clements, or the lack of them, is a skill best developed with models 1. Build a model of a tetrabedral carbon with three iferent grours atachod. (For consistency with thesc instructions use black, red, and two green atoms for these groups and use bonds of all the same length.) What elements of symmetry does this model have? 2. Is this model chiral 3. Build a second model that is a miror image of the first Compare the models; are these models superimposable? . If these models were actual molecules, how would you descrihe the relatiorship between them? S. Replace one green atom on each model with a blue atom such that they are mitror images of each other. What elements of symmetry do the models have 6. Are the models saperimposable? 7. Are the models chiral? 8. How would you describe the relaionship between molecules represented by these models? 9. Use the two models you have already built for this exercise. Exchange the pasitions of the green and blue aboms on on of the models so that the two models are now ideutical (superimposabile) Remove lbe black substituent from each model and join, with a single bond, the two carbons that still ave three substituents on each. How many chirality ceaters does this model have? 10. What elements of symmctry does this model bave? 11. Is the molecule chiral? 12. Construct a mirror imnge of the last model made and then cormpare the two models. Are the models 13. If these models were actual molecules, bow would you describe the relaionship between them? 14. Can one enantiomer be chiral and the other achiral? Why or why not? 15. Take gnc of the two models you have alrcady built. Switch the positions of the green and hlue substitvents that are attached to the saue carbou;, leave the other carbon unxbainged Now compare the two modcls again. Are the models still stcreoisomers? 16. Are they mirror images? 17. If these models were actual molecules, how would you describe the relationship between theu? 18. Now focus on the one model whnse substituents you switched. Does this model have any chirality centers How many? 19. What elements of symmetry does this model have? 20. Is this model chiral? Explain why or why not. 21. Draw a dash-wedge reprscntation of this model in both an clipsed and a staggered conformation, as shawn. Assume that red oxygen, green chlorine, blue nitrogen, and black cabon. Identity any chiral centers with an astcrisk. Rank the substituents on each chirality cente and assion each chirality center its correct sbsolute configuration (R or S) Staggered Organic Chemistry Leb Masual Harper College, Fall 2010 Eclipsed