BIOL 1105 Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: Cytoskeleton, Endomembrane System, Keratin
Document Summary
Organelles discrete internal macromolecular structures specialized for a particular function. Include archaea and bacteria: unicellular, small, lack internal compartments, have cell wall, may have capsule, pili, flagella. Common features of prokaryotes and eukaryotes: dna is the genetic material, control of gene expression, plasma membrane separates the cell interior (cytoplasm) from the extracellular environment, metabolic pathways (glycolysis, respiration, photosynthesis) ***difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells eukaryotic cells contain organelles that are used as compartments to separate chemical activities and functions into different areas*** Yes: cytoplasm all cellular material enclosed by the cell membrane, including that which is inside of organelle membranes, cytosol all cellular material enclosed by the cell membrane but not enclosed within organelle membranes. Endoplasmic reticulum: accounts for 10% of cell volume and 50% of cell membrane, functions include protein synthesis, lipid synthesis, calcium storage, and detoxification of harmful compounds, transports materials made throughout the cell using membranous vesicles.
