ASTR-1010 Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: Scientific Law, Angular Momentum, Conservation Law

• School: Vanderbilt University
• Department: Astronomy
• Course: ASTR-1010
• Professor: Stassun Keivan

Document Summary

Claims to study how the sun, moon, & planets influence human behavior. Since then, astronomy has grown apart from astrology in a modern science. Modern scientific tests of astrology fail it is a pseudos(cid:272)ie(cid:374)(cid:272)e. History of astronomy as a science: ptole(cid:373)y"s geo(cid:272)e(cid:374)tri(cid:272) (cid:373)odel of the u(cid:374)i(cid:448)erse, coper(cid:374)i(cid:272)us" helio(cid:272)e(cid:374)tri(cid:272) (cid:373)odel, kepler"s la(cid:449) a(cid:374)d the (cid:374)e(cid:449) s(cid:272)ie(cid:374)tifi(cid:272) paradig(cid:373, galileo"s o(cid:271)ser(cid:448)atio(cid:374)s: the death of the geo(cid:272)entric model and the old paradigm. The nature of modern science: scientific law, hypotheses, theories. Matter: is material such as rocks, water, air. **everything in the world falls into one of these two categories. Speed: rate at which an object moves, i. e. the distance traveled per unit time [m/s] Velocity: a(cid:374) o(cid:271)je(cid:272)t"s speed i(cid:374) a (cid:272)ertai(cid:374) dire(cid:272)tio(cid:374), e. g. (cid:862)(cid:1005)(cid:1004) (cid:373)/s (cid:373)o(cid:448)i(cid:374)g east(cid:863) Acceleration: a (cid:272)ha(cid:374)ge i(cid:374) a(cid:374) o(cid:271)je(cid:272)t"s (cid:448)elo(cid:272)ity, i. e. a (cid:272)ha(cid:374)ge i(cid:374) either speed or direction is an acceleration (m/s2) Speeding up via increase in velocity in the same direction.