BIOL 2100 Lecture Notes - Lecture 11: Lipid A, Collagen, Siderophore
Document Summary
Vocabulary: pathogenicity: the ability to cause disease by overcoming host defense mechanisms, virulence: the degree of pathogenicity. Diseases occurs when microbes: gain access to host, adhere to host"s tissues, penetrate (evade) host defenses, damage the hosts tissues (or accumulate waste products) Portals of entry: all the places where microbes can enter the body: commonly skin (broken) and mucous membranes, primary line of defense is: Number of invading microbes affects the course of an infection: the likelihood of disease increases with the number of pathogens that enter the host"s cells, virulence of microbe is expressed: Ingestion 250,000-1,000,000 endospores: potency of a toxin is expressed, ld50: lethal dose for 50% of a sample population aka the dose to kill 50% of a population, bacillus anthracis (ld50, skin 10-50 endospores. Microbial adherence (adhesion) to host cells: a necessary step for pathogenicity: surface molecules on pathogen adhesins (ligands, glycocalyx, fimbriae, pili, flagella, etc, glycoproteins or lipoproteins, receptors (sugars) on host cells, biofilms (surfaces)
