CH 320N Lecture 7: IVERSON’S Rules of the Day: Aldehydes and Ketones
Document Summary
2. 5. 16: you are responsible for learning the nomenclature of aldehydes and ketones. From this description alone it is clear that nucleophiles will attack the carbon carbon atom (while c=o pi bond breaks) and lewis acids or protons will react with the carbonyl oxygen atom. Time capsule: strong base can remove a hydrogen on carbon atoms adjacent to carbonyl groups to give enolates: grignard reagents add to aldehydes and ketones to give tetrahedral alkoxide intermediates (can be isolated). These alkoxides are protonated when the chemist opens the flask and adds acid to give alcohols. Mechanism a. carbon-carbon bond forming: the anions of terminal alkynes add to aldehydes and ketones to give tetrahedral alkoxide intermediates (can be isolated). These alkoxides are protonated when the chemist opens the flask and adds acid to give alkyne alcohols. See the movie by clicking here: hcn is in equilibrium with h+ and cn-.
