BIOL 242 Lecture Notes - Lecture 11: Cell Membrane, Nucleoid, Chloroplast
Document Summary
Cells are the fundamental units of life. Simplest collection of matter that can be alive. All cells are related by their descent from earlier cells. Can differ substantially from one another but still share some common features. Plasma membrane, semifluid substance called cytosol, chromosomes, ribosomes. Dna in a unbound region called the nucleoid. Dna in a nucleus that is bounded by a double membrane. Cytoplasm in the region between the plasma membrane and nucleus. Eukaryotic cells are generally much larger than prokaryotic cells. Genetic instructions are mostly housed in the nucleus and carried out by the ribosomes. Ribosomes use the information stored in the dna to to make proteins. All eukaryotic cells have internal membranes that divide the cell into compartments. Mitochondria and chloroplasts change energy from one form to another. Sites of cellular respiration, a metabolic process that uses oxygen to generate. Found in plants and algae, are the sites of photosynthesis.