BIOL 212 Lecture Notes - Lecture 11: Paranasal Sinuses, Acute Bronchitis, Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
26 Jul 2020
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Medical Terminology
Ch. 11 - Respiratory System VI
Pathological Conditions of the Upper Respiratory System
●Rhinitis
○inflammation of the mucous membranes of the nose
■Usually resulting in obstruction of nasal passages, rhinorrhea,
sneezing, and facial pressure or pain
○Aka coryza
●Sinusitis
○Inflammation of a sinus
■Especially a paranasal sinus
■Usually results in pain and a feeling of pressure in affected sinuses
●Tonsillitis
○inflammation of the palatine tonsils
○Tonsils appear enlarged and red with yellowish exudate
■Usually has sudden onset with fever and chills
Pathological Conditions of the Lower Respiratory System
●Asthma
○Paroxysmal dyspnea accompanied by wheezing
○Caused by a spasm of the bronchial tubes or by swelling of their mucous
membrane
■Occurs most frequently in childhood or early adulthood
■Reversible process with acute attacks relieved by medications
●Ex. epinephrine
●Bronchiectasis
○Chronic dilation of a bronchus or bronchi
○with a secondary infection that usually involves the lower portion of the
lung
●Bronchitis
○Inflammation of the mucous membrane of the bronchial tubes
■Infection is often preceded by the common cold
■Patient may experience productive cough
●accompanied by wheezing, dyspnea, and chest pain
○Acute bronchitis
■Causes: viral infection, bacterial infection, and airborne irritants
○Chronic bronchitis
Document Summary
Inflammation of the mucous membranes of the nose. Usually resulting in obstruction of nasal passages, rhinorrhea, sneezing, and facial pressure or pain. Usually results in pain and a feeling of pressure in affected sinuses. Tonsils appear enlarged and red with yellowish exudate. Usually has sudden onset with fever and chills. Caused by a spasm of the bronchial tubes or by swelling of their mucous membrane. Occurs most frequently in childhood or early adulthood. Reversible process with acute attacks relieved by medications. Chronic dilation of a bronchus or bronchi. With a secondary infection that usually involves the lower portion of the lung. Inflammation of the mucous membrane of the bronchial tubes. Infection is often preceded by the common cold. Accompanied by wheezing, dyspnea, and chest pain. Causes: viral infection, bacterial infection, and airborne irritants. Primarily associated with cigarette smoking or exposure to pollution. Smoke irritates airways, resulting in inflammation and hypersecretion of mucus.
