LING 001 Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: Phoneme, Dialectology, Language Change
Document Summary
Phonetics is speech as physical process (how a sound is realized in the real world: physical, mouth (tongue movements, jaw, teeth, articulatory, accent, pronunciation, acoustics. Phonology is the system of linguistic sound structure (how sound is structured) Ex: the word canada has three (cid:862)a"s(cid:863) that sound differently: sound structure, phoneme, contexts of phonemes (determined by sound structure) **vowels, consonants, etc. use both phonetics and phonology** Morphology is the structure of words: word structure, morphemes. Syntax is the structure of phrases and sentences: sentences, phrases. Semantics is the meaning of words and phrases. Pragmatics is how speakers and writers use to communicate: discourse, conversation. Lexicon is the inventory of morphemes and words and fixed phrases. Inventory: mental lexicon, words, morphemes, fixed phrases. An alternative and larger set of divisions looks at connections between linguistics and applications or motivations. Historical linguistics: language change and the reconstruction of linguistic history. Psycholinguistics: psychology of language; language learning and language processing.
