NRS 313 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Microvillus, Amylase, Digestion
27 May 2018
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Nutrient Acquisition Pre Lecture
• GI System
o Nutrient absorption
▪ Taken In through the oral cavity.
▪ Digestion begins in the mouth. Mastication + Amylase In salivary enzymes
• Important for breaking down carbs
▪ Goes down esophagus
• Lower esophageal sphincter (LES)
o GI reflux is because of decreases in tone of LES
▪ Lands in the stomach. Gets churned around (peristalsis)
• Cells create pepsin. Come in contact with HCl acid we get pepsinogen.
Pepsinogen breaks down proteins
• HCl helps break down food particles as well
▪ Food exits stomach past the pyloric sphincter. Like a valve helping food leave
the stomach and enters the duodenum.
▪ Small intestine
• Duodenum
• Jejunum
• Ilium
• Different parts of digestion these parts.
• Soe patiets that are’t ale to osue foods , we ypass the
stomach and insert food through the Jejunum
• Microvilli absorb micro and macro molecules
▪ Liver makes bile and bile salts.
• Filters through the liver and lands in the gallbladder -> ejected into the
Duodenum
• Responsible for fat digestion.
• May have a problem absorbing lipids. Stool that floats is full of fat.
o Steatorrehea
▪ Pancreas
• Ejecting digestive enzymes into the duodenum
o Amylase: breaks down carbs
o Trypsin: helps with protein digestion
o Lipase: helps with fat digestion
▪ Large bowel: water reabsorbtion
• As it passes through, it will make a soft formed stool.
▪ Mucous neck cells:
• Make mucuous through prostaglandins
• When mucous is on outside of gastric pit, it is protective against HCl: we
need this for emulsification and breakdown of food particles.
▪ NSAIDS: Ibuprophen: inhibits prostaglandin production. You inhibit themucous
neck cells
• Ucler formation
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Document Summary
Nutrient acquisition pre lecture: gi system, nutrient absorption, taken in through the oral cavity, digestion begins in the mouth. Important for breaking down carbs: goes down esophagus. Lower esophageal sphincter (les: gi reflux is because of decreases in tone of les. Gets churned around (peristalsis: cells create pepsin. Come in contact with hcl acid we get pepsinogen. Pepsinogen breaks down proteins: hcl helps break down food particles as well, food exits stomach past the pyloric sphincter. Like a valve helping food leave the stomach and enters the duodenum: small intestine. Jejunum: duodenum, different parts of digestion these parts, so(cid:373)e patie(cid:374)ts that are(cid:374)"t a(cid:271)le to (cid:272)o(cid:374)su(cid:373)e foods , we (cid:271)ypass the. Ilium stomach and insert food through the jejunum: microvilli absorb micro and macro molecules. Liver makes bile and bile salts: filters through the liver and lands in the gallbladder -> ejected into the. Duodenum: responsible for fat digestion, may have a problem absorbing lipids.
