NRS 313 Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: Gamete, Genetic Code, Nitrogenous Base
27 May 2018
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Genetics notes
• Genes are held by chromosomes
o Comprised of DNA segments
o DNA provides blueprint of dna sysnthesis
o Co-don: sequence of 3 combinations of sugar, phosphate and nitrogen bases. Meet with
a ribosome and are coded to make a specific protein
• Gametes: haploid: 23 chromosomes
o Gamete= 23
o Somatic=46
• Lives within nucleus of cell. Needs to be unzipped or unwound.
o DNA polymerase: race down dna strand and find the nitrogen bases and link them with
appropriate corresponding nitrogen base
▪ Also proofreads the stand to make sure GC and AT match up= nitrogen bases
▪ Backbone is a sugar and phosphate
• When DNA make copy of itself, it makes MRNA. Exact replica of DNA strand. Leaves nucleus and
finds the ribosome. At the ribosome, the mrna moves through, TRNA will find appropriate
sequence of nitrogen base to attach to 3 sequence code that was created when DNA was
replicated.
o Chaperone: keep the protein chain straight and in line. Directs to chaperonin= organelle
that receives protein molecule into conformational shape.
Cancer
•
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Document Summary
Genetics notes: genes are held by chromosomes, comprised of dna segments, dna provides blueprint of dna sysnthesis, co-don: sequence of 3 combinations of sugar, phosphate and nitrogen bases. Meet with a ribosome and are coded to make a specific protein: gametes: haploid: 23 chromosomes, gamete= 23, somatic=46. At the ribosome, the mrna moves through, trna will find appropriate sequence of nitrogen base to attach to 3 sequence code that was created when dna was replicated: chaperone: keep the protein chain straight and in line. Directs to chaperonin= organelle that receives protein molecule into conformational shape.
