BIOL 260 Lecture Notes - Lecture 5: Glycogen Phosphorylase, Sister Chromatids, Structural Level
8 Sep 2016
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Any structural level can influence the active site shape: enzymes can only hold their working shape in a certain temperature and ph range. Takes regulatory enzymes to create and break the covalent attachment. Complex example: glycogen phosphorylase enzyme starts glycogen breakdown in liver cells. Chromosomes: made up of nucleotides which consists of a sugar (ribose or deoxyribose) a phosphate, and a nitrogenous base: purines: adenine and guanine, pyrimidines: uracil, tyrosine, cytosine. Double stranded dna wrap around histone (a protein) multiple times. Multiple histones wrapped with dna create a nucleosome, this helps condense the dna in the nucleus. After replication, the dna looks like a chromosome how it"s popularly thought of. ( dna =chromosomes in lay people"s mind. ) Only when it"s replicated do you see the two sister chromatids. Before replication, with just one chromatid, it is still called a chromosome.
