PSY 2501 Lecture Notes - Lecture 12: Hooding, Cognitive Dissonance, Critical Thinking

• School: University of Iowa
• Department: Psychology
• Course: PSY 2501
• Professor: Lori Nelson

Document Summary

Nature vs. nurture controversy: old controversy, freud: death instinct (thanatos) --> hostility, destructiveness. Civilization keeps in check: rousseau: born good and harmless, but society causes aggression, skinner: environment is most important-- experience with rewards and punishments, some evidence for each, many reasons for aggression. Types of aggression (1) proactive instrumental aggression (2) reactive hostile aggression. External rewards for aggression: potential positive consequences of aggression. Money, candy, toys, etc: external rewards (and observational learning) are important in explaining proactive aggression in kids (dodge et al. , 1997) Internal rewards for aggression: feeling of power, control, rush , self-expression. Situations that cause aggression: discomfort: physical pain, crowding, heat (air temperature) Social cognitive theory: aggression is learned from observing others. Imitation-- copying others peers, media, parents, etc: observational learning-- notice consequences of others" aggression, tv, movies, family members, peers, also: toys can provide aggressive cues.