BIOL 1412 Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: Horizontal Gene Transfer, Chemotroph, Nitrogen Fixation
17 Feb 2016
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Document Summary
Concept: free-living organisms comprise three domains derived from a universal common ancestor. Goal: elaborate on the evidence for three interconnected domains of life. Genetics helped us find commonality, we find similarities by sharing alleles. So the sequence of the ribosome proteins evolve slowly, and are constant, so good tool to compare: started with plants and animals, then microscopes allowed for kingdoms- bacteria (prokaryotes), and animals, plants single celled eukaryotes. Today, we are doing prokaryotes (bacteria and archaea) Single celled but often live in colonies. Reproduce by fission (asexual) but can exchange genetic material determine phylogenies: horizontal gene transfer complicates use of sequences to. 3 types: conjugation (donor dna transferred through pilus into receipt cell) , transformation (cell picks up. Dna in environment from a dead cell), and transduction(dna transfer from donor to recipient with virus: vertical transfer-generation to generation as in multicellular organisms.
