ANTH 1301 Lecture 11: Lecture 11
19 Oct 2015
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Document Summary
Principle of convergence - convergence in the morphological features of two species occurs when similar environments exert similar selective pressures on groups of organisms undergoing an adaptive radiation. All organisms adapted to the same environment. (basis of how evolution works) Analogy vs. homology : analogies-similarities between organisms based on strictly on common function, with no assumed common evolutionary descent, homologies-similarities between organisms based on descent from a common ancestor. Evolutionary taxonomy - outgrowth of modern synthesis. charts of evolution of species through time by linking roots that are similar. Time on one side, and living species on the other. Start with relationship with closely related pairs of organisms. (sister. Groups) grouped together. reconstructs evolutionary history and studies the patterns of relationships among organisms. Cladogram: a branching, treelike diagram in which the endpoints of the branches represent specific species of organisms. It is used to illustrate phylogenetic relationships and show points at which various species have diverged from common ancestral forms.
