CHEM 4501 Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: Exponential Decay

• School: UMN
• Department: Chemistry
• Course: CHEM 4501
• Professor: any

Document Summary

Determination of rate laws: method of isolation. Slope = mb ln [b](t) l(cid:374) v = l(cid:374) (k" [b](cid:2923)(cid:3134)) = ln k" + (cid:373)b ln [b] (cid:2869)(cid:2870) [a]0 = [a]0 e (cid:2921)(cid:3117) t(cid:3117)(cid:3118) ln (cid:2869)(cid:2870) = - ln 2 = - k1 t1/2 t1/2 = (cid:2922)(cid:2924)(cid:2870)(cid:2921)(cid:3117) t1/2 t1/4 t ln va. Exponential decay of concentration in first-order reactions (cid:2922)(cid:2924)(cid:4672)v(cid:3117)v(cid:3118) (cid:4673) (cid:2922)(cid:2924)(cid:4672)[(cid:2886)](cid:3117)[(cid:2886)](cid:3118) (cid:4673: initial rate method. V = d[(cid:2885)]dt = d[(cid:2887)]dt = k2 [a]2 d[(cid:2885)] (cid:4672)(cid:2869)[(cid:2885)] (cid:2869)[(cid:2885)](cid:3116)(cid:4673) = - k2 t (cid:2869)[(cid:2885)] = (cid:2869)[(cid:2885)](cid:3116) = - k2 t t t1/4 t1/2 = ? slope = k2 (cid:2869)[(cid:2885)] 4[(cid:2885)](cid:3116) (cid:2870)[(cid:2885)](cid:3116) (cid:2869)[(cid:2885)](cid:3116) (cid:2870)[(cid:2885)](cid:3116) = (cid:2869)[(cid:2885)](cid:3116) + k2 t1/2 (cid:2869)[(cid:2885)](cid:3116) = k2 t1/2 (cid:2869)(cid:2921)(cid:3118)[(cid:2885)](cid:3116) V(t) = d[(cid:2885)]dt = d[(cid:2886)]dt = k2 [a] k2 [b] t reaction reaches equilibrium v (cid:4666) (cid:4667) = 0. Reversible reactions k1 [a]eq = k-1 [b]eq t1/2 = t1/2 dependent on initial concentration [a]o k equilibrium static ; (cid:2921)(cid:3117)(cid:2921) (cid:3117) speed/rate (dynamic)