NUTR.2060 Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: Coeliac Disease, Gluten-Related Disorders, Subclavian Vein
23 Feb 2017
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Digestive system overview: digests food, absorbs nutrients, and excretes waste, controlled by hormones and the nervous system, plays a role in the immune system, houses bacteria. Mouth and salivary glands, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, rectum, anus: accessory organs to gi tract. Sphincters: ring like muscles that control/regulate the movement of food through the gi tract. Gi motility: food is mixed with digestive secretions and propelled down the gi tract by peristalsis: Consists of coordinated wave of contraction and relaxation of muscles. Nerves and hormones regulate: segmentation occurs in the small intestine: Causes contents to break apart and mix with digestive juices. Mouth: chewing increases surface area and mixes saliva (salivary glands) w/ food to form a bolus that is easier to swallow, saliva contains: Salivary alpha-amylase (enzyme that starts starch digestion) Esophagus: passes the food from the mouth to the stomach through thoracic cavity, swallowing. Moves bolus from the mouth to the esophagus: epiglottis.
