EHS 385 Lecture Notes - Lecture 15: Adenylyl Cyclase, Inositol Trisphosphate, Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate

• School: UMass Boston
• Department: Exercise and Health Science
• Course: EHS 385
• Professor: Rachel Drew

Document Summary

Neuroendocrine system: releases hormones into blood to tissues, uses neurotransmitters to relay messages from one nerve to another. Endocrine glands: release hormones directly into blood. Hormones: travel in blood to target organ, bind to specific protein receptor to exert effect: several classes based on chemical makeup: amino acid derivatives, peptides/protein, steroids. Effect of hormone in tissue based on plasma concentration/number active receptors. Plasma concentration determined by: rate of secretion from endocrine gland, magnitude of input, stimulatory versus inhibitory input, rate of metabolism/excretion of hormone. Inactivation near receptor and/or metabolized by liver/kidneys: quantity of transport proteins: steroid hormones/thyroxine bound to plasma protein, changes in plasma volume. Hormones only affect tissues contain specific hormone receptors. Magnitude of effect dependent on: concentration of hormone, number of receptors on cell, afiinity of receptor for hormone. Downregulation: decrease receptor number in response to high concentration of hormone. Upregulation: increase in receptor number in response to low concentration of hormone.