EHS 260 Lecture Notes - Lecture 30: International Diabetes Federation, Diabetes Mellitus Type 1, Insulin Resistance
18 Jun 2018
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Introduction
Diabetes mellitus is characterized by chronic hyperglycemia (high blood glucose concentration)
and high NEFA (non-esterified fatty acid) concentration.
Over time high blood glucose and NEFA concentrations may lead to a variety of complications
which impair quality of life and reduce life expectancy.
Type 2 Diabetes
Comprises 85–95% of diabetes in developed world.
Insensitivity to insulin (insulin resistance – for a given concentration of insulin, less glucose is
cleared from the blood cells).
Some impairment of insulin secretion.
Who develops DM-2?
Usually found in obese or overweight adults.
Was typically associated with obese adults age 40+, but is becoming much more
frequent in children
While genes play a role, 80% preventable with healthy diet and PA (International Diabetes
Federation, 2007).
Life expectancy is impaired by 5–10 years
CVD accounts for ~50% of DM fatalities
Lifetime risk of developing DM in US (born in 2000)
Males: 32.8%
Females: 38.5%
Although type 2 diabetes was previously considered an adult-onset disease, it is now clear that it
also occurs in children and adolescents as evidenced by a growing number of reports from many
countries world-wide.
Type 1 Diabetes
Type 1 diabetes
Autoimmune destruction of pancreatic ß-cells in islets of Langerhan
Pancreas inability to produce insulin
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Document Summary
Diabetes mellitus is characterized by chronic hyperglycemia (high blood glucose concentration) and high nefa (non-esterified fatty acid) concentration. Over time high blood glucose and nefa concentrations may lead to a variety of complications which impair quality of life and reduce life expectancy. Insensitivity to insulin (insulin resistance for a given concentration of insulin, less glucose is cleared from the blood cells). Usually found in obese or overweight adults. Was typically associated with obese adults age 40+, but is becoming much more frequent in children. While genes play a role, 80% preventable with healthy diet and pa (international diabetes. Lifetime risk of developing dm in us (born in 2000) Although type 2 diabetes was previously considered an adult-onset disease, it is now clear that it also occurs in children and adolescents as evidenced by a growing number of reports from many countries world-wide. Autoimmune destruction of pancreatic -cells in islets of langerhan.
