BIOL 208 Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: Erythropoiesis, Hemoglobin, Amine
Blood - Composition and Function (pgs. 635-638)
● blood is CT - derived and produced in bone marrow, and bone is CT, thus blood is CT
● matrix in blood is fluid. it is not fibers, rather fluid
● blood consists of cells and a matrix of fluid
Composition of Whole Blood (WB) (636-637)
● **when you cut yourself, the blood that comes out is whole blood
● whole blood has 2 components; plasma and formed elements (FE)
● formed elements are called this because they don’t dissolve in liquid matrix, rather they float
within it
Plasma (pg. 637 - table 17.1)
● 55% of blood is plasma
● least dense component
● liquid
● mostly water
● has a yellow straw color
● within that water there is 10% of dissolved materials
● 6 items dissolved in plasma; these items are transported because they are dissolved in the
plasma. transported, move along, then leave
● 1) inorganic ions - 9/10 of plasma volume; sodium, chlorine, and bicarbonate
● 2) plasma proteins (7-9%) - antibodies, clotting factors, enzymes - these have a protein base
to them
● 3) organic nutrients - not the major molecules, but the breakdown portion of molecules.
Example in a carbohydrate you'd have glucose, which is forever circulating throughout the
body to supply energy. fatty acids, amino acids, LA, vitamins - all examples of breakdown
● 4) waste products - when any major molecules are broken down, they have undesired waste
byproducts (nitrogenous waste). these nitrogenous wastes are from nucleic acids (RNA,
DNA etc.) and when they are broken down proteins, when proteins are broken down the
amino group, the NH2 becomes NH3
● 5) Hormones - example would be renin - angiotensin pathway. hormones travel from glands
to target organs
● 6) respiratory acids - only 2% of oxygen that is transported by blood is dissolved in plasma.
98% of oxygen transported in the blood is in the hemoglobin. if hemoglobin is destroyed, you
die. blood can only pick up oxygen in a dissolved form in the plasma
Formed elements (FE)
● make up 45% of whole blood
● suspended in plasma
● 3 categories of formed elements;
● erythrocytes (RBC) - they are a-nucleate, meaning they are without a nucleus. they
have a lifespan of about 120-140 days because there is no “synthetic machinery”,
rather a big package of hemoglobin, about 250 million hemoglobin molecules in one
red blood cell. Production of RBCs is called erythropoiesis. RBC function is that it is
involved in gas transport. The transport of oxygen from lungs to tissues. a good
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Document Summary
Blood is ct - derived and produced in bone marrow, and bone is ct, thus blood is ct. Matrix in blood is fluid. it is not fibers, rather fluid. Blood consists of cells and a matrix of fluid. **when you cut yourself, the blood that comes out is whole blood. Whole blood has 2 components; plasma and formed elements (fe) formed elements are called this because they don"t dissolve in liquid matrix, rather they float within it. 55% of blood is plasma least dense component liquid. Within that water there is 10% of dissolved materials. 6 items dissolved in plasma; these items are transported because they are dissolved in the plasma. transported, move along, then leave. 1) inorganic ions - 9/10 of plasma volume; sodium, chlorine, and bicarbonate. 2) plasma proteins (7-9%) - antibodies, clotting factors, enzymes - these have a protein base to them. 3) organic nutrients - not the major molecules, but the breakdown portion of molecules.
