PHIL 160 Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: If And Only If, Moral Skepticism, Cultural Relativism
Document Summary
Logic is used to formally and decisively solve an argument. A valid argument is an argument such that if its premises are true then the conclusion must be true. A sound argument is an argument which is both valid and has true premises. Theres a beer in the fridge: i should go to the fridge to get the beer. This is an invalid argument because the premises don"t guarantee the truth of the conclusion. This is also not a sound argument as its not even valid in the irst place. We don"t have infallible proof that the theory of evoluion is true. If we don"t have infallible proof for a theory, we should spend more ime teaching alternaives: we should spend as much ime teaching alternaives to evoluion as we spend teaching evoluion. This is a valid argument because the premises actually guarantee the truth of the conclusion. This is not a sound argument because premise 2 is not true.
