BIOLOGY 151 Lecture Notes - Lecture 24: Light-Independent Reactions, Photosynthesis, Inner Membrane

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cerisebuffalo390

21 Dec 2015

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The tree"s dry mass comes from the air. There are two reactions: the calvin cycle (dark reactions) and the z-scheme (light reactions) Light, water and carbon dioxide are combined to make sugar and oxygen. The reaction carbon dioxide sugar is extremely endergonic. Photosynthesis: energy captured from sunlight is stored in carbohydrate molecules. Carbon dioxide is reduced by nadph and, using the energy provided by atp, is incorporated into a carbohydrate molecule in the calvin cycle. Light carbon fixed by chloroplasts made into skeletons which sometimes then consumed and to transduce in non-producer organisms. Two points where light energy is transduced antenna complexes provide the: light is used to boost an electron"s energy, the electron comes from water, water split into oxygen and h+ The z energy trajectory f o y g r e n. Absorption of light energy by ps ii energizes electrons pulled from water, allowing them to enter the photosynthetic electron transport chain.

Related Questions

1. All of the following are correct descriptions of photosynthesis except:

A) The Calvin Cycle is endergonic.

B) Electrons are supplied to the reaction center via the splitting of water, which yields O2 as a byproduct

C) Chlorophyll and accessory pigments capture energy from the sun in the form of electrons, which they use to drive the electron transport chains of photosystems I and II.

D) ATP and NADPH generated in the light-dependent reactions are used to power CO2 fixation via the Calvin cycle in the light-independent reactions.

2. In glycolysis and the TCA cycle, glucose is _____ down to CO2; this process _____ lots of ATP and reducing power. In photosynthesis, CO2 is ______ back to sugar by the _______ of lots of ATP and reducing power.

A) reduced; requires; oxidized; production

B) oxidized; requires; reduced; production

C) oxidized; produces; reduced; input

D) reduced; produced; oxidized; input

3. Which description accurately compares cellular respiration and photosynthesis?

A) Photosynthesis uses energy captured from sunlight to power the reduction of carbon dioxide to sugars; cellular respiration oxidizes sugars to yield energy for the cell.

B) The ATP produced via cellular respiration is needed to power the reactions of photosynthesis

C) The pathways of photosynthesis are those of cellular respiration run in reverse.

D) Photosynthesis captures energy from sunlight to oxidize carbon dioxide to sugars; cellular respiration reduces these sugars to yield energy for the cell.

Question 1 The membrane structures inside the chloroplast are called the ______, while the fluid surrounding the stacks of membrane is called the ______.
a. stroma; thylakoid
b. thylakoid; cytosol
c. thylakoid; stroma
d. thylakoid; matrix
e. matrix; thylakoid

Question 2 What is considered the ultimate source of energy for living things on Earth?
a. the sun
b. electrons
c. green plants
d. oxygen
e. ATP

Question 3 Why do most plant leaves appear green?
a. They contain a lot of starch which has a green color.
b. They have chloroplasts which absorb green light for photosynthesis.
c. During the light reaction phase carbon dioxide is converted to oxygen which emits green light.
d. They have chloroplasts which absorb all colors of light except for green, which is reflected.
e. During the dark reaction phase water is converted to oxygen which emits green light.

Question 4 Plants perform only photosynthesis, not respiration. True False

Question 5 What is the primary purpose of the light reactions of photosynthesis?
a. to create oxygen gas
b. to produce glucose
c. to convert solar energy to chemical energy (in the form of ATP and NADPH) to power the dark reactions
d. to remove carbon dioxide gas from the atmosphere
e. to create water

Question 6 The light dependent reactions occur in the:
a. mitochondrial membrane.
b. mitochondrial matrix.
c. stroma.
d. thylakoid membrane.
e. cytosol.

Question 7 The energy to run the dark reactions of photosynthesis is produced _________.
a. by the CO2 initially used in the dark reactions.
b. during glycolysis
c. during the light reaction phase
d. during the Krebs cycle
e. during anaerobic respiration

Question 8 Which of the following substances could be totally eliminated and not interfere with the process of photosynthesis?
a. O2
b. H2O
c. light
d. CO2

Question 9 What product(s) do plants produce during photosynthesis that is/are used by humans and other animals?
a. carbon dioxide
b. carbon dioxide and water
c. glucose and oxygen
d. glucose
e. oxygen

Question 10 Only plants can carry out photosynthesis. True False

Question 11 During the light reactions of photosynthesis, ...
a. oxygen is produced from H2O.
b. glycolysis occurs.
c. the Krebs cycle occurs.
d. CO2 is combined into glucose.
e. ATP is broken down to ADP + P

Question 12 The reactants of photosynthesis are:
a. sugar.
b. sugar and water.
c. O2 and CO2
d. O2 and sugar.
e. CO2 and water.

Question 13 During the dark reaction phase of photosynthesis in plants...
a. ATP is created.
b. H+ ions are moved into the stroma from the matrix.
c. molecules of CO2 are combined into sugar.
d. H2O is split into oxygen and H+.
e. solar energy is converted to chemical energy.

coffeelion96

Photosynthesis (Ch 8)

List the locations of the light reactions & the Calvincycle within the chloroplast and identify location on adiagram
Use the absorption spectrum of a pigment to identifywavelengths absorbed and reflected by that pigment
Describe the events of the light reactions including:

Excitation of electrons vs donation of electrons
Pathway of excited electrons through photosystem II, firstelectron transport chain, photosystem I and 2^nd electrontransport chain
Sources of electrons in photosystems I and II
ATP production using energy from an electron transportchain

List the products of the light reactions
Explain the indirect role of light reactions vs direct role ofCalvin cycle reactions in sugar production
Describe Calvin cycle events

Carbon fixation
Regeneration of CO₂ acceptor molecule (RuBP)

Explain the function of the Calvin cycle in plant cellularmetabolism
Compare & contrast electron transport and ATP synthesisbetween cellular respiration and photosynthesis

cerisegoldfish403

BIOLOGY 151 Lecture Notes - Lecture 24: Light-Independent Reactions, Photosynthesis, Inner Membrane

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