BIOLOGY 151 Lecture Notes - Lecture 24: Oxaloacetic Acid, Ribulose, Photorespiration

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17 Dec 2016

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Process by which co2 and sunlight build carbohydrates. Co2 + h2o + sunlight c6h12o6 + o2. Pigments: molecules that absorb wavelengths of visible light. Pigments reflect color that they do not absorb. Chlorophyll is a photosynthetic pigment colored green because it cannot absorb green light very well. Chlorophyll absorbs light and that energy is passed down from chlorophyll to chlorophyll until it reaches the reaction center. Electrons are transported from ps ii to ps i. If ps ii loses electron it can take one from h2o. As electron travels from ps ii to ps i its energy level decreases. Light hits ps i so when the electron reaches ps i, it becomes energized (again and enough) to reduce nadp+ to nadph. Ps ii has little contact with stroma. Atp synthase and ps i are located on granal stacks near stroma. Plastoquinone carries electrons from ps ii to the cytochrome complex. Plastocyanin carries electrons from cytochrome complex to ps i.

Related Questions

1. All of the following are correct descriptions of photosynthesis except:

A) The Calvin Cycle is endergonic.

B) Electrons are supplied to the reaction center via the splitting of water, which yields O2 as a byproduct

C) Chlorophyll and accessory pigments capture energy from the sun in the form of electrons, which they use to drive the electron transport chains of photosystems I and II.

D) ATP and NADPH generated in the light-dependent reactions are used to power CO2 fixation via the Calvin cycle in the light-independent reactions.

2. In glycolysis and the TCA cycle, glucose is _____ down to CO2; this process _____ lots of ATP and reducing power. In photosynthesis, CO2 is ______ back to sugar by the _______ of lots of ATP and reducing power.

A) reduced; requires; oxidized; production

B) oxidized; requires; reduced; production

C) oxidized; produces; reduced; input

D) reduced; produced; oxidized; input

3. Which description accurately compares cellular respiration and photosynthesis?

A) Photosynthesis uses energy captured from sunlight to power the reduction of carbon dioxide to sugars; cellular respiration oxidizes sugars to yield energy for the cell.

B) The ATP produced via cellular respiration is needed to power the reactions of photosynthesis

C) The pathways of photosynthesis are those of cellular respiration run in reverse.

D) Photosynthesis captures energy from sunlight to oxidize carbon dioxide to sugars; cellular respiration reduces these sugars to yield energy for the cell.

Photosynthesis

Light Reactions:

Photosynthesis is the process of reducing/oxidizing (circle one) _____________________ to produce ___________________. This overall reduction-oxidation reaction requires _________________ to begin the flow of __________________. Photosynthetic ____________________ absorb light energy and are located in ___________________ found embedded within the membranes of __________________. The most prevalent one include the ___________________ which reflect ________________ light and absorb the other wavelengths of light. Accessory pigments include ___________________. When light energy is absorbed in photosynthesis, electrons of pigment molecules become _________________ and move into higher potential energy _______________. When the electrons return to their previous position, _____________ is passed to the ______________________ pigment molecule. Electrons within this pigment molecule move to a high potential energy state and are âgrabbedâ by _________________________ chains. Electrons from photosystem II are passed to ______________________. Electrons from photosystem I are passed to _________________. As electrons move in the electron transport chain associated with photosystem I/II (circle one), the energy released is used to power ___________ pumps and __________ is produced via a process known as ________________________. Photosystem I/II (circle one) electrons must be replaced to continue the reaction so ____________ is split for its electrons. The products _______________ & _______________ then proceed to the ______________________ cycle.

Calvin Cycle:

The Calvin Cycle can be broken into 3 main series of reactions. In the first group, known as the __________________ step, ______________________ combines with 3 molecules of ____________________ to form 6 molecules of _____________________. This reaction is catalyzed by ___________________. ________________ can act as a competitive inhibitor of this enzyme, shutting down this step in a process known as ______________________________. In the second series of reactions known as the __________________ steps, the molecules produced in the previous step get oxidized/reduced (circle one). The source of electrons is _________from the light reactions. This step is endergonic/exergonic (circle one) and thus requires _______ from the light reactions. Six molecules of _____________________ are produced, ______ (#) of which will continue in biosynthetic pathways to produce __________________. The remaining molecules will then enter the ______________________ steps which require _____________ from the light reaction. In this step, 3 molecules of _______________ are produced so that this cyclic reaction can continue.

What are the outputs of photosynthesis? Select all that apply.

A. light

B. CO2

C. O2

D. water

E. sugar ..

Question 2 Select one answer. 10 points

Energy is harvested from which reaction to produce ATP?

A. Carbon dioxide and water â sugar and oxygen.

B. Sugar and oxygen â carbon dioxide and water. ..

Question 3 Select one answer. 10 points

What is the source of energy for photosynthesis?

A. Light

B. Water

C. O2

D. CO2

E. Sugar ..

Question 4 Select one answer. 10 points

Which of the following is not produced by the process of respiration?

A. CO2

B. ATP

C. H2O

D. Sugar ..

Question 5 Select one answer. 10 points

Select the incorrect statement regarding respiration and fermentation from the list below.

A. Respiration produces much more ATP than fermentation

B. Respiration uses oxygen, fermentation does not.

C. Both respiration and fermentation use organic molecules.

D. Respiration produces acidic products, fermentation does not. ..

Question 6 Select all that apply. 10 points

What is required for photosynthesis? (Select all that apply.)

A. Oxygen

B. Carbon dioxide

C. Carbon monoxide

D. Water

E.. Glucose

F. Light

G. Heat ..

Question 7 Select one answer. 10 points

Most of the ATP of aerobic respiration is produced in which organelle in eukaryotes?

A. ribosome

B. nucleus

C. plasma membrane

D. chloroplast

E. mitochondrion ..

Question 8 Select one answer. 10 points

Plant leaves contain many different pigments. What is the purpose of having multiple pigments?

A. To give leaves different colors in the fall.

B. Capture light for photosynthesis at different wavelengths.

C. To absorb light that may harm the photosynthetic machinery. ..

Question 9 Select one answer. 10 points

Which organelle captures energy, in the form of sunlight, in plant cells?

A. chloroplast

B. nucleolus

C. mitochondrion

D. plasma membrane

E. cytoplasm ..

Question 10 Select one answer. 10 points

Where in eukaryotic cells does cellular respiration take place?

A. In the peroxisome

B. In the mitochondria.

C. In the chloroplast.

D. In the ribosome. .. Save

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BIOLOGY 151 Lecture Notes - Lecture 24: Oxaloacetic Acid, Ribulose, Photorespiration

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