BIOL 233 Lecture Notes - Lecture 11: Carbohydrate Metabolism, Bone Pain, Dementia
25 Dec 2020
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Fortify/fortification: the process of adding extra nutrients to foods where the wouldn"t be found naturally in consistently significant amounts. Coenzyme: organic compounds, often b vitamin derivatives, that combine with an inactive enzyme to form an active enzyme. Coenzymes associate closely with these enzymes, allowing them to catalyze certain metabolic reactions in a cell. Antioxidant: a substance that combines with or otherwise neutralizes a free radical, thus preventing oxidative damage to cells and tissues. Beriberi: thiamin-deficiency disease; symptoms include muscle weakness, loss of appetite, nerve degeneration, and in some cases edema. Pellagra: niacin deficiency disease; redness appears around the necks of people, severely roughened skin. Scurvy: vitamin c deficiency; connective tissue starts breaking down and gums and joints begin to bleed. Weakness develops, and small hemorrhages appear around the hair follicles on the arms and legs. Bone pain, fractures, diarrhea, psychological problems like depression. Water soluble vitamins: eight b vitamins and vitamin c.
