EPSY 255 Lecture Notes - Lecture 14: Substance Abuse, Birth Order
12 Feb 2020
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Document Summary
Physical punishment of young children - higher levels of aggression. History of physical discipline related to adolescent depression & delinquency. Presenting children with out-of-control models for handling stressful situations. Punishment can instill fear, rage, or avoidance. Punishment tells children what not to do rather than what to do. Only severe use of spanking, not mild --- compared unfavorably. Still difficult to tell whether it"s harmful! If used: should be mild, infrequent, age-appropriate, and in the context of positive parent-child relationship. Very clear that when punishment is abusive - harmful for child"s development. Physical abuse: assaults which cause pain and injury. Emotional abuse: behaviors seriously damage children"s emotional, social, or cognitive functioning. Sexual abuse: sexual contact of any kind, sexual comments or exploitation. Child neglect: living conditions lacking food, clothing, medical care, etc. Emotional neglect: failure to meet children"s needs for affection and support. There are close to 3 million reported cases of abuse each year.
