GEOG 105 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Vagueness, Ecological Fallacy, Modifiable Areal Unit Problem
3 Feb 2018
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Document Summary
1/29 maps as a way of seeing and knowing. Cartographers" choices: projection, generalization, symbolization, scale, classification. Influenced by : map purpose, available data, cartographer"s biases. Generalizations: reducing amount of detail in a map in a meaningful way, technical limits of data gathering, human intervention for charity, always subjective, graphic vs conceptual. Types of generalizations: graphic changes spatial geometry, simplification, enlargement, merging, selection, conceptual changes content, merge or select categories, change points to areas or vice versa. Symbolization (cid:862)rules(cid:863) for presenting info visually: six visual variables, size, value, hue, saturation, orientation, shape, resemblance, convention. Data quality: representations are always incomplete, accuracy how close an estimate/ measurement is to the real value, precision/ resolution how detailed an estimate is, error lack of accuracy of precision, uncertainty something is unknown. Conceptualizing reality: what are (cid:862)natural(cid:863) units of analysis, ex unemployment in chicago, ex environmental impact from oil spill, vagueness uncertainty in boundaries + attributes, ambiguity multiple ways to describe same thing.
