CHEM 102 Lecture Notes - Lecture 5: Valence Electron, Electron Configuration, Noble Gas

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Electrons that are in the outermost shell of an atom. In order to attain a noble gas electron configuration an atom must lose or gain electrons. In the periodic table, the number of valence electrons is equivalent to the group number of that element. For example, elements in group 1a have 1 valence electron. If an element has completely filled d or f subshells, these electrons are not considered to be valence electrons. For transition elements, the electrons in a completely filled f subshell are not valence electrons. The nuclear charge (z) is an overall positive charge that is equivalent to an element"s atomic number. For example: the nuclear charge of helium is +2. ". The greater the nuclear charge, the greater the attraction the electrons have to the nucleus. The electrons in the inner shells of an element may interfere with the attraction between an element"s nucleus and its valence electrons.

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