CH 111 Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: Intermolecular Force, Polarizability, Covalent Bond
6 Feb 2017
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Document Summary
A molecular comparison of gases, liquids, and solids. Assumes both volume and shape of its container. Liquid assumes shape of portion of container it occupies. Atoms in a solid can vibrate in place. As the temperature of the solid increases, the vibrational motion increases. Intermolecular forces forces that exist between molecules. Weaker than intramolecular forces (ionic, metallic, or covalent bonds) Less energy is required to vaporize a liquid or melt a solid. Melting and boiling points: boiling points (liquids) reflect the strength of intermolecular forces. Molecules must overcome their attractive forces to separate and form a vapor. Developed the equation for predicting the deviation of gases from ideal behavior. Energy required to increase the surface area of a liquid by a unit amount. The rise of liquids up very narrow tubes. The resistance of a liquid to flow. Higher viscosity: flows more slowly, longer molecules with stronger intermolecular forces. Lower viscosity: smaller molecules with lower intermolecular forces.
