CH 106 Lecture Notes - Lecture 5: Valence Electron, Nonmetal, Chemical Polarity
29 Sep 2016
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Valance electrons-electrons in the outermost shell of an atom (ex. Core electrons-electrons in the innermost shell (oxygen has 2 core electrons) Lewis symbols-a visual representation of valence electrons as dots around the element symbol. Noble gasses were stable and did not react to other elements, theory is that having 8 electrons as a valence shell makes them nonreactive. Octet rules-atoms tend to gain or lose share electrons to have 8 valence electrons. Metals tend to lose electrons while gases tend to gain. Nacl-sodium loses a valence electron while chlorine gains one. Sodium becomes like neon and chlorine becomes like argon. Usually transferred from metal to nonmetal, left side of periodic table wants to give to right side. When two atoms share a pair of electrons, very strong bonds. Can share 1, 2, or 3 pairs (single, double, or triple bond (ex.
