BIOL 4374 Lecture Notes - Lecture 8: Repressor, Cytosine, Barr Body
Document Summary
Dna= instructions on how organism is to be made. Cell differentiation due to changes in gene expression: totipotent pluripotent multipotent. Totipotent: can differentiate into any cell or even an embryo. Pluripotent: can become any cell except for placenta. Multipotent: can become cells except for the very specialized. Adult stem cell: all somatic cells have the same dna. It is just expressed differently in different cells. Differentiation= when less specialized cells become more specialized. Some cells can dedifferentiate: opposite of differentiation. Stemness = potential to differentiate: cells can be reprogrammed to be pluripotent stem cells. By introducing genes encoding certain transcription regulators: proven through nuclear transplant experiments: Nucleus from a differentiated cell is implanted into a embryo and the embryo develops as normal. Proving that the data is the same, there is just a: different cell types different proteins difference in expression. Determined through mass spectroscopy: more sensitive than electrophoresis.