BIOL 1344 Lecture Notes - Lecture 8: Electrolyte, Renal Function, Urinary System
26 Jul 2018
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Document Summary
In the renal system, you have a pair of: (i) kidneys (ii) ureters (iii) urinary bladder (iv) Bilateral (means there is one on either side of vertebral colupmn) Kidneys is located in the lumbar region, at t12 vertebra to l3 vertebra. Kidneys are retroperitoneal: which means kidneys are outside the peritoneal cavity. Space between parietal peritoneum and visceral peritonium is called the peritoneal cavity. Peritonitis: inflammation of the peritoneum (the lining of the inner wall of the abdomen and cover of abdominal organs) Inside peritoneal cavity: (i) kidneys (ii) pancreas (iii) parts of intestines. Right kidney is 2cm lower than left kidney. Renal ptosis or nephroptosis: when the kidneys drop ~5cm. When this happens, the ureter gets twisted/blocked --> the urine is backed up --> if urine is backed up then kidneys will swell (hydronephrosis: this may also be due to blockage by kidney stones. ) Renal colic: abdominal pain caused by kidney stones; strongest sensations known.
