PHIL 2010 Lecture Notes - Lecture 16: Categorical Imperative, Baruch Spinoza, Monism
5 May 2018
School
Department
Course
Professor
-Categorical means no exception
-There is no exception or excuse for not doing your duty
-Take this and make it universal
-You should treat your mom well because it is ethical not because she makes
good fries
-Adultery
-When you marry, you sign a contract. Any contract that you sign, you have to
honor.
-Death Penalty
-Kant says the death penalty is ok
-You cannot torture though. The convicted should get a trial
-Respect their rights
-Men raped 8 year old girl
-Death penalty
-Removed from humanity/community
-We have to execute this order
-Eye for an eye
-Murder=Execution
-Kant: Morality ----> deontology
-Reason
-Universal
-Unconditional
-Necessary
-2 moral criterion: goodness
1. Intention
2. Right action (first)
-Categorical Imperative
-No exceptions, do this regardless
1. Universability Test: Act as if the maxim of your action were to become
a universal law
2. Humanity Principle: Act in such a way that you always treat humanity
(self or others) never simply as a means but always at the same time as
an end
-Hegel
-invents own language
-knowledge is produced through a relations
-subjects interacts objects and changes it
-subjects (human being)
-Relationship between subject and object is not a fixed relationship
-My relationship with the world changes
-The truth for Hegel is a process
-Dialectic:
1. Thesis (Baby)
2. Antithesis (Child)
3. Synthesis (Adult)
-believes in teleology (everything has a purpose)
-Once you are at C, you cannot go back
-History moves forward (progress)
-Knowledge is a process. The truth is found in the process
-Hegel is an idealist (nonmaterial) and a monist (one realm like Spinoza)
-Geist
