SOP 3004 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Test Anxiety, Fundamental Attribution Error, Dispositional Attribution
22 Feb 2017
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O(cid:272)ial cog(cid:374)itio(cid:374): the p(cid:396)o(cid:272)ess of thi(cid:374)ki(cid:374)g a(cid:271)out a(cid:374)d (cid:373)aki(cid:374)g se(cid:374)se of o(cid:374)eself, othe(cid:396)s, a(cid:374)d o(cid:374)e"s (cid:449)o(cid:396)ld. Accuracy: we want to make the correct judgement about someone (ex: do i have what it takes to be a doctor?) Conservation of energy: we are selective about the info we process. Factors that determine how much energy we exert: A(cid:271)ilit(cid:455): (cid:894)e(cid:454): if (cid:449)e"(cid:396)e d(cid:396)u(cid:374)k, (cid:449)e ha(cid:448)e a lo(cid:449)e(cid:396) a(cid:271)ilit(cid:455) to p(cid:396)o(cid:272)ess i(cid:374)fo(cid:895) Methods for conserving energy: categorizing: process of classifying things according to similarities. We classify people by gender, age, race, etc. Categorizing allows us to process our world efficiently: schema: an organized set of cognitions about some concept or stimulus. Ex: schema for bird-it flies, it lays eggs, it has feathers, etc. Prototype: an abstract representation or model of the typical qualities of the members of a category ex: an image of what something looks like. Exemplar: a real-life, specific example of a category: heuristics:
