APK 2105C Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Protein Kinase A, Microtubule, Glycoprotein

• School: University of Florida
• Department: Applied Physiology and Kinesiology
• Course: APK 2105C
• Professor: Stephen Dodd

Document Summary

Organic, carbon containing molecules in living things: carbohydrates (macromolecule, lipids, amino acids and proteins, nucleotides: basic building blocks for genetic material, polarity of structure may determine if it goes through a cell membrane. Covalent bonds: atoms share electrons: depending on how electrons are shared, molecules become either polar/nonpolar. Water is a good solvent because it is polar. Molecules composed of polar covalent bonds are said to be hydrophilic (glucose) Molecules composed primarily of nonpolar covalent bonds are insoluble in water and said to be hydrophobic (lipids) Ionic bonds: one/more electrons from one atom are completely transferred to a second atom. Weaker than covalent: the atom losing its electrons become a positively charged ion (cation, the atom gaining an electron now has more electrons than protons so it becomes a negatively charged ion (anion) Ex: salt in water will dissolve and become the sodium chloride.