ANS 3006C Lecture Notes - Lecture 12: Gregor Mendel, Dominant White, Probability Distribution
19 Sep 2016
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Document Summary
Central dogma of molecular biology: the flow of genetic information within the biological system, dna makes rna which makes protein. Genotype: the genetic makeup of something, bb vs bb vs bb. Phenotype: the expressed characteristics of something, phenotype = genetics + environmental influence, examples of phenotypes: Alleles: alternative forms of a gene. Homozygous: similar alleles, bb or bb. Genome: the complete genetic material of an organism. Dominant: one allele masks the effect of a second allele at the same locus. Recessive: an allele that is only expressed in the homozygous condition. Primarily determined by the genotype of an organism. Determined and controlled by a small number of genes: makes it very easy to make genetic progress. Can be detected by visual observation: examples: Basic genetics: punnet squares show the mating of two organisms showing the potential offspring and their genotypes. Codominance: the third phenotype, both phenotypes are expressed.
