PSYC414 Lecture Notes - Lecture 17: Basolateral Amygdala, Striatum, Prefrontal Cortex
1 May 2018
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Chapter 18: mental health
❖ What triggers anxiety
o Cues to a traumatic experience
o Exams, deadlines, etc.
o Social situations
❖ Bodily symptoms of anxiety
o Increased heart rate
o Muscle tension
o Increased cortisol levels
o Shaky
o Nauseous
o Derealization / detached
o Disrupt sleep patterns
o Lack of focus
o Fidgety
o Shortness of breath
❖ General cognitive symptoms of anxiety
o Preoccupation of negative thoughts
o Hypersensitivity
o Displacement behaviors to relieve anxiety symptoms
o Feeling of protection or avoidance
o Lose ability to speak well
❖ Neuroanatomical substrates for anxiety
o AMG – fear center
o Hypothalamus, pituitary, adrenal gland
o Hippocampus
o Prefrontal cortex
o Medulla
Three component model of anxiety
❖ Potential stressors (i.e., failures, personal loss) stressor perceived as a threat
bodily effects and upsetting thoughts (i.e., shallow breathing, fatigue, anger, fears,
preoccupations, etc.)
❖ ineffective behavior (escape, avoidance, indecision, aggression, etc.)
Flow of circuitry
❖ sensory association cortex, hippocampal formation (spatial learning & memory;
context), thalamus lateral nucleus, basolateral nucleus & central nucleus (all of AMG)
❖ basolateral/lateral prefrontal cortex, HC, ventral striatum
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Document Summary
What triggers anxiety: cues to a traumatic experience, exams, deadlines, etc, social situations. Increased cortisol levels: shaky, nauseous, derealization / detached, disrupt sleep patterns, lack of focus, fidgety, shortness of breath. General cognitive symptoms of anxiety: preoccupation of negative thoughts, hypersensitivity, displacement behaviors to relieve anxiety symptoms, feeling of protection or avoidance, lose ability to speak well. Neuroanatomical substrates for anxiety: amg fear center, hypothalamus, pituitary, adrenal gland, hippocampus, prefrontal cortex, medulla. Potential stressors (i. e. , failures, personal loss) stressor perceived as a threat bodily effects and upsetting thoughts (i. e. , shallow breathing, fatigue, anger, fears, preoccupations, etc. ) Ineffective behavior (escape, avoidance, indecision, aggression, etc. ) Sensory association cortex, hippocampal formation (spatial learning & memory; context), thalamus lateral nucleus, basolateral nucleus & central nucleus (all of amg) Basolateral/lateral prefrontal cortex, hc, ventral striatum. Central nucleus hypothalamus (autonomic ns), midbrain, pons, medulla. Lateral nucleus bnst (controls responses to anxiety) hypothalamus, etc. Crf controls release of acth, glucocorticoids, adrenaline, etc. of the autonomic nervous system.
